先按照文档，做一次：
1，建立WEB.XML：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app>
<display-name>Struts Blank</display-name>
<filter>
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.FilterDispatcher</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>
文档中有一个org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.FilterDispatcher的filter
还有org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
2.建SPRING的BEAN配置文件：applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN" "http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd">
<beans default-autowire="autodetect">
<!-- add your spring beans here -->
</beans>
3.建struts配置文件：
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd">
<struts>
<include file="example.xml"/>
<!-- Add packages here -->
</struts>
演示了一下配置文件分块的方法，下面这个才起作用：
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd">
<struts>
<package name="example" namespace="/example" extends="struts-default">
<action name="HelloWorld" class="example.HelloWorld">
<result>/example/HelloWorld.jsp</result>
</action>
<action name="Login!*" method="{1}" class="example.Login">
<result name="input">/example/Login.jsp</result>
<result type="redirect-action">Menu</result>
</action>
<action name="*" class="example.ExampleSupport">
<result>/example/{1}.jsp</result>
</action>
<!-- Add actions here -->
</package>
</struts>
4，录入验证：Login-validation.xml
这个很象struts1.x
<!DOCTYPE validators PUBLIC
"-//OpenSymphony Group//XWork Validator 1.0.2//EN"
"http://www.opensymphony.com/xwork/xwork-validator-1.0.2.dtd">
<validators>
<field name="username">
<field-validator type="requiredstring">
<message key="requiredstring"/>
</field-validator>
</field>
<field name="password">
<field-validator type="requiredstring">
<message key="requiredstring"/>
</field-validator>
</field>
</validators>
5.建立资源文件package.properties，这个也很象struts1.x
HelloWorld.message= Struts is up and running 
requiredstring = ${getText(fieldName)} is required.
password = Password
username = User Name
Missing.message = This feature is under construction. Please try again in the next interation.
6.搞个action类，和WW2一模一样：
package example;
public class Login extends ExampleSupport {
public String execute() throws Exception {
if (isInvalid(getUsername())) return INPUT;
if (isInvalid(getPassword())) return INPUT;
return SUCCESS;
}
private boolean isInvalid(String value) {
return (value == null || value.length() == 0);
}
private String username;
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
private String password;
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
}
7.搞个helloworld类，也和WW2一样：
这里调用了资源文件中的 message, 这里比struts1.X类似功能要直接，会好用一些
package example;
/**
* <code>Set welcome message.</code>
*/
public class HelloWorld extends ExampleSupport {
public String execute() throws Exception {
setMessage(getText(MESSAGE));
return SUCCESS;
}
/**
* Provide default valuie for Message property.
*/
public static final String MESSAGE = "HelloWorld.message";
/**
* Field for Message property.
*/
private String message;
/**
* Return Message property.
*
* @return Message property
*/
public String getMessage() {
return message;
}
/**
* Set Message property.
*
* @param message Text to display on HelloWorld page.
*/
public void setMessage(String message) {
this.message = message;
}
}
8。搞个父类出来，这里只是演示用，所以空的
ExampleSupport.java
package example;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
/**
* Base Action class for the Tutorial package.
*/
public class ExampleSupport extends ActionSupport {
}
9。可以测试一下了：
package example;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.entities.ActionConfig;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.List;
public class LoginTest extends ConfigTest {
public void FIXME_testLoginConfig() throws Exception {
ActionConfig config = assertClass("example", "Login!input", "example.Login");
assertResult(config, ActionSupport.SUCCESS, "Menu");
assertResult(config, ActionSupport.INPUT, "/example/Login.jsp");
}
public void testLoginSubmit() throws Exception {
Login login = new Login();
login.setUsername("username");
login.setPassword("password");
String result = login.execute();
assertSuccess(result);
}
// Needs access to an envinronment that includes validators
public void FIXME_testLoginSubmitInput() throws Exception {
Login login = new Login();
String result = login.execute();
assertInput(result);
Map errors = assertFieldErrors(login);
assertFieldError(errors,"username","Username is required.");
assertFieldError(errors,"password","Password is required.");
}
}
package example;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
import junit.framework.TestCase;
public class HelloWorldTest extends TestCase {
public void testHelloWorld() throws Exception {
HelloWorld hello_world = new HelloWorld();
String result = hello_world.execute();
assertTrue("Expected a success result!",
ActionSupport.SUCCESS.equals(result));
assertTrue("Expected the default message!",
hello_world.getText(HelloWorld.MESSAGE).equals(hello_world.getMessage()));
}
}
package example;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.RuntimeConfiguration;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.entities.ActionConfig;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.entities.ResultConfig;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.providers.XmlConfigurationProvider;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.List;
import org.apache.struts2.StrutsTestCase;
public class ConfigTest extends StrutsTestCase {
protected void assertSuccess(String result) throws Exception {
assertTrue("Expected a success result!",
ActionSupport.SUCCESS.equals(result));
}
protected void assertInput(String result) throws Exception {
assertTrue("Expected an input result!",
ActionSupport.INPUT.equals(result));
}
protected Map assertFieldErrors(ActionSupport action) throws Exception {
assertTrue(action.hasFieldErrors());
return action.getFieldErrors();
}
protected void assertFieldError(Map field_errors, String field_name, String error_message) {
List errors = (List) field_errors.get(field_name);
assertNotNull("Expected errors for " + field_name, errors);
assertTrue("Expected errors for " + field_name, errors.size()>0);
// TODO: Should be a loop
assertEquals(error_message,errors.get(0));
}
protected void setUp() throws Exception {
super.setUp();
XmlConfigurationProvider c = new XmlConfigurationProvider("struts.xml");
configurationManager.addConfigurationProvider(c);
configurationManager.reload();
}
protected ActionConfig assertClass(String namespace, String action_name, String class_name) {
RuntimeConfiguration configuration = configurationManager.getConfiguration().getRuntimeConfiguration();
ActionConfig config = configuration.getActionConfig(namespace, action_name);
assertNotNull("Mssing action", config);
assertTrue("Wrong class name: [" + config.getClassName() + "]",
class_name.equals(config.getClassName()));
return config;
}
protected ActionConfig assertClass(String action_name, String class_name) {
return assertClass("", action_name, class_name);
}
protected void assertResult(ActionConfig config, String result_name, String result_value) {
Map results = config.getResults();
ResultConfig result = (ResultConfig) results.get(result_name);
Map params = result.getParams();
String value = (String) params.get("actionName");
if (value == null)
value = (String) params.get("location");
assertTrue("Wrong result value: [" + value + "]",
result_value.equals(value));
}
public void testConfig() throws Exception {
assertNotNull(configurationManager);
}
}
哦，测试通过！
10。看看表示层是如何用的？
HelloWorld.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" %>
<%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %>
<html>
<head>
<title><s:text name="HelloWorld.message"/></title>
</head>
<body>
<h2><s:property value="message"/></h2>
<h3>Languages</h3>
<ul>
<li>
<s:url id="url" action="HelloWorld">
<s:param name="request_locale">en</s:param>
</s:url>
<s:a href="%{url}">English</s:a>
</li>
<li>
<s:url id="url" action="HelloWorld">
<s:param name="request_locale">es</s:param>
</s:url>
<s:a href="%{url}">Espanol</s:a>
</li>
</ul>
</body>
</html>
Login.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" %>
<%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>Sign On</title>
</head>
<body>
<s:form action="Login">
<s:textfield label="%{getText('username')}" name="username"/>
<s:password label="%{getText('password')}" name="password" />
<s:submit/>
</s:form>
</body>
</html>
恭喜你！ 现在您现在已经可以用STRUTS2进行开发了！