JAVA EXCEL API简介
Java Excel是一开放源码项目,通过它Java开发人员可以读取Excel文件的内容、创建新的Excel文件、更新已经存在的Excel文件。使用该API非Windows操作系统也可以通过纯Java应用来处理Excel数据表。因为是使用Java编写的,所以我们在Web应用中可以通过JSP、Servlet来调用API实现对Excel数据表的访问。
提供以下功能:
- 从Excel 95、97、2000等格式的文件中读取数据;
- 读取Excel公式(可以读取Excel 97以后的公式);
- 生成Excel数据表(格式为Excel 97);
- 支持字体、数字、日期的格式化;
- 支持单元格的阴影操作,以及颜色操作;
- 修改已经存在的数据表;
- 能够读取图表信息
1.应用示例: 包括从Excel读取数据,生成新的Excel,以及修改Excel
package common.util;
import jxl.*; import jxl.format.UnderlineStyle; import jxl.write.*; import jxl.write.Number; import jxl.write.Boolean;
import java.io.*;
/** *//** * Created by IntelliJ IDEA. * User: xl * Date: 2005-7-17 * Time: 9:33:22 * To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates. */ public class ExcelHandle { public ExcelHandle() { }
/** *//** * 读取Excel * * @param filePath */ public static void readExcel(String filePath) { try { InputStream is = new FileInputStream(filePath); Workbook rwb = Workbook.getWorkbook(is); //Sheet st = rwb.getSheet("0")这里有两种方法获取sheet表,1为名字,而为下标,从0开始 Sheet st = rwb.getSheet("original"); Cell c00 = st.getCell(0,0); //通用的获取cell值的方式,返回字符串 String strc00 = c00.getContents(); //获得cell具体类型值的方式 if(c00.getType() == CellType.LABEL) { LabelCell labelc00 = (LabelCell)c00; strc00 = labelc00.getString(); } //输出 System.out.println(strc00); //关闭 rwb.close(); } catch(Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } }
/** *//** * 输出Excel * * @param os */ public static void writeExcel(OutputStream os) { try { /** *//** * 只能通过API提供的工厂方法来创建Workbook,而不能使用WritableWorkbook的构造函数, * 因为类WritableWorkbook的构造函数为protected类型 * method(1)直接从目标文件中读取WritableWorkbook wwb = Workbook.createWorkbook(new File(targetfile)); * method(2)如下实例所示 将WritableWorkbook直接写入到输出流
*/ WritableWorkbook wwb = Workbook.createWorkbook(os); //创建Excel工作表 指定名称和位置 WritableSheet ws = wwb.createSheet("Test Sheet 1",0);
//**************往工作表中添加数据*****************
//1.添加Label对象 Label label = new Label(0,0,"this is a label test"); ws.addCell(label);
//添加带有字型Formatting对象 WritableFont wf = new WritableFont(WritableFont.TIMES,18,WritableFont.BOLD,true); WritableCellFormat wcf = new WritableCellFormat(wf); Label labelcf = new Label(1,0,"this is a label test",wcf); ws.addCell(labelcf);
//添加带有字体颜色的Formatting对象 WritableFont wfc = new WritableFont(WritableFont.ARIAL,10,WritableFont.NO_BOLD,false, UnderlineStyle.NO_UNDERLINE,jxl.format.Colour.RED); WritableCellFormat wcfFC = new WritableCellFormat(wfc); Label labelCF = new Label(1,0,"This is a Label Cell",wcfFC); ws.addCell(labelCF);
//2.添加Number对象 Number labelN = new Number(0,1,3.1415926); ws.addCell(labelN);
//添加带有formatting的Number对象 NumberFormat nf = new NumberFormat("#.##"); WritableCellFormat wcfN = new WritableCellFormat(nf); Number labelNF = new jxl.write.Number(1,1,3.1415926,wcfN); ws.addCell(labelNF);
//3.添加Boolean对象 Boolean labelB = new jxl.write.Boolean(0,2,false); ws.addCell(labelB);
//4.添加DateTime对象 jxl.write.DateTime labelDT = new jxl.write.DateTime(0,3,new java.util.Date()); ws.addCell(labelDT);
//添加带有formatting的DateFormat对象 DateFormat df = new DateFormat("dd MM yyyy hh:mm:ss"); WritableCellFormat wcfDF = new WritableCellFormat(df); DateTime labelDTF = new DateTime(1,3,new java.util.Date(),wcfDF); ws.addCell(labelDTF);
//添加图片对象,jxl只支持png格式图片 File image = new File("f:\\2.png"); WritableImage wimage = new WritableImage(0,1,2,2,image);//0,1分别代表x,y.2,2代表宽和高占的单元格数 ws.addImage(wimage); //写入工作表 wwb.write(); wwb.close(); } catch(Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } }
/** *//** * 拷贝后,进行修改,其中file1为被copy对象,file2为修改后创建的对象 * 尽单元格原有的格式化修饰是不能去掉的,我们还是可以将新的单元格修饰加上去, * 以使单元格的内容以不同的形式表现 * @param file1 * @param file2 */ public static void modifyExcel(File file1,File file2) { try { Workbook rwb = Workbook.getWorkbook(file1); WritableWorkbook wwb = Workbook.createWorkbook(file2,rwb);//copy WritableSheet ws = wwb.getSheet(0); WritableCell wc = ws.getWritableCell(0,0); //判断单元格的类型,做出相应的转换 if(wc.getType == CellType.LABEL) { Label label = (Label)wc; label.setString("The value has been modified"); } wwb.write(); wwb.close(); rwb.close(); } catch(Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } }
//测试 public static void main(String[] args) { try { //读Excel ExcelHandle.readExcel("f:/testRead.xls"); //输出Excel File fileWrite = new File("f:/testWrite.xls"); fileWrite.createNewFile(); OutputStream os = new FileOutputStream(fileWrite); ExcelHandle.writeExcel(os); //修改Excel ExcelHandle.modifyExcel(new file(""),new File("")); } catch(Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }
2.在jsp中做相关测试,创建一个writeExcel.jsp
<% response.reset();//清除Buffer response.setContentType("application/vnd.ms-excel"); File fileWrite = new File("f:/testWrite.xls"); fileWrite.createNewFile(); new FileOutputStream(fileWrite); ExcelHandle.writeExcel(new FileOutputStream(fileWrite)); %>
在IE中浏览writeExcel.jsp就可以动态生成Excel文档了,其中response.setContentType("application/vnd.ms-excel");语句必须要,才能确保不乱码,在jsp中输入<%@page contentType="application/vnd.ms-excel;charset=GBK"%>不行。
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