在service层控制事务
Spring推荐事务的控制在service层实现,而不是像单独使用hibernate那样,在dao层实现,这样的好处在于更好地支持declear方式的事务(service层通常提供接口,这样可以针对接口来定义事务策略,而不是针对具体的service实现,因此可以很方便地替换service的实现,而不需要修改事务的配置),更加灵活。同时,可以更加方面自然地实现全局事务的控制。
举例如下:
service接口
package x.y.service;
public interface FooService {
Foo getFoo(String fooName);
Foo getFoo(String fooName, String barName);
void insertFoo(Foo foo);
void updateFoo(Foo foo);
}
一个service实现
package x.y.service;
public class DefaultFooService implements FooService {
public Foo getFoo(String fooName) {
throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
}
public Foo getFoo(String fooName, String barName) {
throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
}
public void insertFoo(Foo foo) {
throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
}
public void updateFoo(Foo foo) {
throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
}
}
spring.xml,注意在声明事务的时候,是针对service接口的,而不是针对service实现的
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.0.xsd">
<!-- this is the service object that we want to make transactional -->
<bean id="fooService" class="x.y.service.DefaultFooService" />
<!-- the transactional advice (i.e. what 'happens'; see the <aop:advisor/> bean below) -->
<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="txManager">
<!-- the transactional semantics -->
<tx:attributes>
<!-- all methods starting with 'get' are read-only -->
<tx:method name="get*" read-only="true" />
<!-- other methods use the default transaction settings (see below) -->
<tx:method name="*" />
</tx:attributes>
</tx:advice>
<!-- ensure that the above transactional advice runs for any execution
of an operation defined by the FooService interface -->
<aop:config>
<aop:pointcut id="fooServiceOperation"
expression="execution(* x.y.service.FooService.*(..))" />
<aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice"
pointcut-ref="fooServiceOperation" />
</aop:config>
<!-- don't forget the DataSource -->
<bean id="dataSource"
class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource"
destroy-method="close">
<property name="driverClassName" value="org.h2.Driver" />
<property name="url"
value="jdbc:h2:tcp://localhost/D:/try/data/sample;IFEXISTS=TRUE" />
<property name="username" value="sa" />
<property name="password" value="123456" />
</bean>
<!-- similarly, don't forget the PlatformTransactionManager -->
<bean id="txManager"
class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
</bean>
<!-- other <bean/> definitions here -->
</beans>
使用service层方便了使用全局事务
对于横跨多个Hibernate SessionFacotry的分布式事务,只需简单地将 JtaTransactionManager 同多个 LocalSessionFactoryBean 的定义结合起来作为事务策略。你的每一个DAO通过bean属性得到各自的 SessionFactory 引用。在需要进行跨多个数据库的事务操作时,只需要定义一个service层,使用 JtaTransactionManager 作为事务策略,横跨多个DAO和多个session
factories来划分事务,而不需要特殊的处理。
示例的配置文件如下:
<beans>
<bean id="mySessionFactory1" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="myDataSource1"/>
..
</bean>
<bean id="mySessionFactory2" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="myDataSource2"/>
…
</bean>
<bean id="myTxManager" class="org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager"/>
<bean id="myProductDao" class="product.ProductDaoImpl">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="mySessionFactory1"/>
</bean>
<bean id="myInventoryDao" class="product.InventoryDaoImpl">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="mySessionFactory2"/>
</bean>
<aop:config>
<aop:pointcut id="productServiceMethods" expression="execution(* product.ProductService.*(..))"/>
<aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="productServiceMethods"/>
</aop:config>
<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="myTxManager">
<tx:attributes>
<tx:method name="increasePrice*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
<tx:method name="someOtherBusinessMethod" propagation="REQUIRES_NEW"/>
<tx:method name="*" propagation="SUPPORTS" read-only="true"/>
</tx:attributes>
</tx:advice>
<bean class="product.ProductServiceImpl">
<property name="productDao" ref="myProductDao"/>
<property name="inventoryDao" ref="myInventoryDao"/>
</bean>
</beans>