最近由于项目的需要,研究了一下SWT的Accessibility。关于Accessibility,这是一个很难缠的search,给残疾人用的东东,正常人基本上不会用到,网上文章少之又少。可以查阅到的一篇来自于IBM developerWorks的文章:使用 Eclipse 创建易访问的应用程序:介绍
易访问性是一个总括的术语,它包括生成使具有各种残疾的人易用的产品所涉及的所有东西和人。美国已经立法,不符合Accessibility规范的软件不能够在政府部门销售。在美国,创建易访问的应用程序的主要商业(对比人道主义)驱动力是 Rehabilitation Act 1998 年的修正法案,称为 Section 508。Section 508 要求联邦机构使他们的信息技术对带有残疾的人易于访问。
Eclipse 拥有一个包含 API:org.eclipse.swt.accessibility 的易访问性包。Eclipse 3.0 易访问性特征是基于 MSAA 1.3 程序设计模型所提供的功能。您可以将 Eclipse 中的 Accessible 对象联系到每个控件上,并且 org.eclipse.swt.accessibility 接口中的方法集对应 MSAA 1.3 IAccessible 界面中的消息集。

 org.eclipse.swt.accessibility 的接口:    
    
        
            | Interface Summary | 
        
            | AccessibleControlListener | Classes that implement this interface provide methods that deal with the events that are generated when an accessibility client sends a message to a control. | 
        
            | AccessibleListener | Classes that implement this interface provide methods that deal with the events that are generated when an accessibility client sends a message to a control. | 
        
            | AccessibleTextListener | Classes that implement this interface provide methods that deal with the events that are generated when an accessibility client sends a message to a control. | 
    
SWT 自身包含的控件中只有寥寥几个用到了Accessibility,JFace里也不多。看了所有的Accessibility相关代码,只能总结一部分规律:
    - 一般的复杂控件是没有必要定义Accessibility的。 
- 如果是模拟实现一个比较简单的基本控件,比如Combo,Label,Spinner等,有必要定义Accessibility。   
- 所有的自定义控件都要实现AccessibleControlListener接口。 
- 所有的包含文本框的控件都要实现AccessibleTextListener接口。 
- 设置AccessibleListener的getHelp( )最好是给控件加上Tooltip,因为Wineyes这些屏幕阅读器阅读都是根据Tooltip,无视getHelp( )的设置。 
- 设置AccessibleListener的getName( ),一般来说,可以设置为这个控件相关联的Label的Text或者该控件上的某部分文字,自己斟酌考虑设置。 
- getKeyboardShortcut( ),考虑控件的快捷操作方式,如果需要的话。 
以下是CCombo的Accessibility代码:
void initAccessible() {
    AccessibleAdapter accessibleAdapter = new AccessibleAdapter () {
       publicvoid getName (AccessibleEvent e) {
           String name = null;
           Label label = getAssociatedLabel ();
           if (label != null) {
              name = stripMnemonic (label.getText());
           }
           e.result = name;
       }
       publicvoid getKeyboardShortcut(AccessibleEvent e) {
           String shortcut = null;
           Label label = getAssociatedLabel ();
           if (label != null) {
              String text = label.getText ();
              if (text != null) {
                  char mnemonic = _findMnemonic (text);
                  if (mnemonic != '\0') {
                     shortcut = "Alt+"+mnemonic;
                  }
              }
           }
           e.result = shortcut;
       }
       publicvoid getHelp (AccessibleEvent e) {
           e.result = getToolTipText ();
       }
    };
    getAccessible ().addAccessibleListener (accessibleAdapter);
    text.getAccessible ().addAccessibleListener (accessibleAdapter);
    list.getAccessible ().addAccessibleListener (accessibleAdapter);
    arrow.getAccessible ().addAccessibleListener (new AccessibleAdapter() {
       publicvoid getName (AccessibleEvent e) {
           e.result = isDropped () ? SWT.getMessage ("SWT_Close") : SWT.getMessage ("SWT_Open"); 
       }
       publicvoid getKeyboardShortcut (AccessibleEvent e) {
           e.result = "Alt+Down Arrow"; 
       }
       publicvoid getHelp (AccessibleEvent e) {
           e.result = getToolTipText ();
       }
    });
 
    getAccessible().addAccessibleTextListener (new AccessibleTextAdapter() {
       publicvoid getCaretOffset (AccessibleTextEvent e) {
           e.offset = text.getCaretPosition ();
       }
       publicvoid getSelectionRange(AccessibleTextEvent e) {
           Point sel = text.getSelection();
           e.offset = sel.x;
           e.length = sel.y - sel.x;
       }
    });
    
    getAccessible().addAccessibleControlListener (new AccessibleControlAdapter() {
       publicvoid getChildAtPoint (AccessibleControlEvent e) {
           Point testPoint = toControl (e.x, e.y);
           if (getBounds ().contains (testPoint)) {
              e.childID = ACC.CHILDID_SELF;
           }
       }
       
       publicvoid getLocation (AccessibleControlEvent e) {
           Rectangle location = getBounds ();
           Point pt = toDisplay (location.x, location.y);
           e.x = pt.x;
           e.y = pt.y;
           e.width = location.width;
           e.height = location.height;
       }
       
       publicvoid getChildCount (AccessibleControlEvent e) {
           e.detail = 0;
       }
       
       publicvoid getRole (AccessibleControlEvent e) {
           e.detail = ACC.ROLE_COMBOBOX;
       }
       
       publicvoid getState (AccessibleControlEvent e) {
           e.detail = ACC.STATE_NORMAL;
       }
 
       publicvoid getValue (AccessibleControlEvent e) {
           e.result = getText ();
       }
    });
 
    text.getAccessible ().addAccessibleControlListener (new AccessibleControlAdapter () {
       publicvoid getRole (AccessibleControlEvent e) {
           e.detail = text.getEditable () ? ACC.ROLE_TEXT : ACC.ROLE_LABEL;
       }
    });
 
    arrow.getAccessible ().addAccessibleControlListener (new AccessibleControlAdapter() {
       publicvoid getDefaultAction (AccessibleControlEvent e) {
           e.result = isDropped () ? SWT.getMessage ("SWT_Close") : SWT.getMessage ("SWT_Open"); 
       }
    });
}
在SWT控件中,包含Accessibility功能的控件有:CCombo,CLabel,CTableFolder,StyledText。