Oracle中的进制转换 - Decode360's Blog

Oracle中的进制转换

本文通过创建一个Oracle的各种进制之间的转换函数包，来了解一下Oracle的Package、Procdure、Function、Type等等元素的基本特性，以及这些元素之间的相互关系。不过最值得借鉴的还是这个包的作者的编码习惯，这的是非常赏心悦目的一段代码啊，包括注释结构也很美。注：实例来源于网络，我能够找到的网址是：http://www.laozizhu.com/view-Oracle%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%8C%E8%BF%9B%E5%88%B6%E3%80%81%E5%85%AB%E8%BF%9B%E5%88%B6%E3%80%81%E5%8D%81%E8%BF%9B%E5%88%B6%E3%80%81%E5%8D%81%E5%85%AD%E8%BF%9B%E5%88%B6%E4%B9%8B%E9%97%B4%E7%9A%84%E4%BA%92%E7%9B%B8%E8%BD%AC%E6%8D%A2-18961.htm (汗，好长的汉字网址……)

Oracle里二进制、八进制、十进制、十六进制之间的互相转换

--各进制之间转换

CREATE OR REPLACE TYPE type_str_agg AS OBJECT
(
total VARCHAR2(4000),

STATIC FUNCTION odciaggregateinitialize(sctx IN OUT type_str_agg)
RETURN NUMBER,

MEMBER FUNCTION odciaggregateiterate
(
SELF IN OUT type_str_agg,
VALUE IN VARCHAR2
) RETURN NUMBER,

MEMBER FUNCTION odciaggregateterminate
(
SELF IN type_str_agg,
returnvalue OUT VARCHAR2,
flags IN NUMBER
) RETURN NUMBER,

MEMBER FUNCTION odciaggregatemerge
(
SELF IN OUT type_str_agg,
ctx2 IN type_str_agg
) RETURN NUMBER
)
/

CREATE OR REPLACE TYPE BODY type_str_agg IS

STATIC FUNCTION odciaggregateinitialize(sctx IN OUT type_str_agg)
RETURN NUMBER IS
BEGIN
sctx := type_str_agg(NULL);
RETURN odciconst.success;
END;

MEMBER FUNCTION odciaggregateiterate
(
SELF IN OUT type_str_agg,
VALUE IN VARCHAR2
) RETURN NUMBER IS

BEGIN
SELF.total := SELF.total || VALUE;
RETURN odciconst.success;
END;

MEMBER FUNCTION odciaggregateterminate
(
SELF IN type_str_agg,
returnvalue OUT VARCHAR2,
flags IN NUMBER
) RETURN NUMBER IS
BEGIN
returnvalue := SELF.total;
RETURN odciconst.success;
END;

MEMBER FUNCTION odciaggregatemerge
(
SELF IN OUT type_str_agg,
ctx2 IN type_str_agg
) RETURN NUMBER IS
BEGIN
SELF.total := SELF.total || ctx2.total;
RETURN odciconst.success;
END;

END;
/

CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION f_stragg(p_input VARCHAR2) RETURN VARCHAR2
PARALLEL_ENABLE
AGGREGATE USING type_str_agg;
/

CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE pkg_number_trans IS

FUNCTION f_bin_to_oct(p_str IN VARCHAR2) RETURN VARCHAR2;

FUNCTION f_bin_to_dec(p_str IN VARCHAR2) RETURN VARCHAR2;

FUNCTION f_bin_to_hex(p_str IN VARCHAR2) RETURN VARCHAR2;

FUNCTION f_oct_to_bin(p_str IN VARCHAR2) RETURN VARCHAR2;

FUNCTION f_oct_to_dec(p_str IN VARCHAR2) RETURN VARCHAR2;

FUNCTION f_oct_to_hex(p_str IN VARCHAR2) RETURN VARCHAR2;

FUNCTION f_hex_to_bin(p_str IN VARCHAR2) RETURN VARCHAR2;

FUNCTION f_hex_to_oct(p_str IN VARCHAR2) RETURN VARCHAR2;

FUNCTION f_hex_to_dec(p_str IN VARCHAR2) RETURN VARCHAR2;

FUNCTION f_dec_to_bin(p_int IN VARCHAR2) RETURN VARCHAR2;

FUNCTION f_dec_to_oct(p_int IN VARCHAR2) RETURN VARCHAR2;

FUNCTION f_dec_to_hex(p_int IN VARCHAR2) RETURN VARCHAR2;

END pkg_number_trans;
/
CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE BODY pkg_number_trans IS

FUNCTION f_bin_to_oct(p_str IN VARCHAR2) RETURN VARCHAR2 IS
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- 对象名称: f_bin_to_oct
-- 对象描述: 二进制转换八进制
-- 输入参数: p_str 二进制字符串
-- 返回结果: 八进制字符串
-- 测试用例: SELECT pkg_number_trans.f_bin_to_oct('11110001010') FROM dual;
-- 备注: 需要定义f_stragg函数和type_str_agg类型
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
v_return VARCHAR2(4000);
v_bin VARCHAR2(4000);
BEGIN
v_bin := substr('00' || p_str, -3 * ceil(length(p_str) / 3));
SELECT f_stragg(data1) INTO v_return
FROM (SELECT (CASE upper(substr(v_bin, (rownum - 1) * 3 + 1, 3))
WHEN '000' THEN '0'
WHEN '001' THEN '1'
WHEN '010' THEN '2'
WHEN '011' THEN '3'
WHEN '100' THEN '4'
WHEN '101' THEN '5'
WHEN '110' THEN '6'
WHEN '111' THEN '7'
END) data1
FROM dual
CONNECT BY rownum <= length(v_bin) / 3);
RETURN v_return;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
RETURN NULL;
END f_bin_to_oct;

FUNCTION f_bin_to_dec(p_str IN VARCHAR2) RETURN VARCHAR2 IS
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- 对象名称: f_bin_to_dec
-- 对象描述: 二进制转换十进制
-- 输入参数: p_str 二进制字符串
-- 返回结果: 十进制字符串
-- 测试用例: SELECT pkg_number_trans.f_bin_to_dec('11110001010') FROM dual;
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
v_return VARCHAR2(4000);
BEGIN
SELECT SUM(data1) INTO v_return
FROM (SELECT substr(p_str, rownum, 1) * power(2, length(p_str) - rownum) data1
FROM dual
CONNECT BY rownum <= length(p_str));
RETURN v_return;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
RETURN NULL;
END f_bin_to_dec;

FUNCTION f_bin_to_hex(p_str IN VARCHAR2) RETURN VARCHAR2 IS
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- 对象名称: f_bin_to_hex
-- 对象描述: 二进制转换十六进制
-- 输入参数: p_str 二进制字符串
-- 返回结果: 十六进制字符串
-- 测试用例: SELECT pkg_number_trans.f_bin_to_oct('11110001010') FROM dual;
-- 备注: 需要定义f_stragg函数和type_str_agg类型
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
v_return VARCHAR2(4000);
v_bin VARCHAR2(4000);
BEGIN
v_bin := substr('000' || p_str, -4 * ceil(length(p_str) / 4));
SELECT f_stragg(data1) INTO v_return
FROM (SELECT (CASE upper(substr(v_bin, (rownum - 1) * 4 + 1, 4))
WHEN '0000' THEN '0'
WHEN '0001' THEN '1'
WHEN '0010' THEN '2'
WHEN '0011' THEN '3'
WHEN '0100' THEN '4'
WHEN '0101' THEN '5'
WHEN '0110' THEN '6'
WHEN '0111' THEN '7'
WHEN '1000' THEN '8'
WHEN '1001' THEN '9'
WHEN '1010' THEN 'A'
WHEN '1011' THEN 'B'
WHEN '1100' THEN 'C'
WHEN '1101' THEN 'D'
WHEN '1110' THEN 'E'
WHEN '1111' THEN 'F'
END) data1
FROM dual
CONNECT BY rownum <= length(v_bin) / 4);
RETURN v_return;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
RETURN NULL;
END f_bin_to_hex;

FUNCTION f_oct_to_bin(p_str IN VARCHAR2) RETURN VARCHAR2 IS
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- 对象名称: f_oct_to_bin
-- 对象描述: 八进制转换二进制
-- 输入参数: p_str 八进制字符串
-- 返回结果: 二进制字符串
-- 测试用例: SELECT pkg_number_trans.f_oct_to_bin('3612') FROM dual;
-- 备注: 需要定义f_stragg函数和type_str_agg类型
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
v_return VARCHAR2(4000);
BEGIN
SELECT to_char(to_number(f_stragg(data1))) INTO v_return
FROM (SELECT (CASE upper(substr(p_str, rownum, 1))
WHEN '0' THEN '000'
WHEN '1' THEN '001'
WHEN '2' THEN '010'
WHEN '3' THEN '011'
WHEN '4' THEN '100'
WHEN '5' THEN '101'
WHEN '6' THEN '110'
WHEN '7' THEN '111'
END) data1
FROM dual
CONNECT BY rownum <= length(p_str));
RETURN v_return;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
RETURN NULL;
END f_oct_to_bin;

FUNCTION f_oct_to_dec(p_str IN VARCHAR2) RETURN VARCHAR2 IS
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- 对象名称: f_oct_to_dec
-- 对象描述: 八进制转换十进制
-- 输入参数: p_str 八进制字符串
-- 返回结果: 十进制字符串
-- 测试用例: SELECT pkg_number_trans.f_oct_to_dec('3612') FROM dual;
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
v_return VARCHAR2(4000);
BEGIN
SELECT SUM(data1) INTO v_return
FROM (SELECT substr(p_str, rownum, 1) * power(8, length(p_str) - rownum) data1
FROM dual
CONNECT BY rownum <= length(p_str));
RETURN v_return;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
RETURN NULL;
END f_oct_to_dec;

FUNCTION f_oct_to_hex(p_str IN VARCHAR2) RETURN VARCHAR2 IS
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- 对象名称: f_oct_to_bin
-- 对象描述: 八进制转换十六进制
-- 输入参数: p_str 八进制字符串
-- 返回结果: 十六进制字符串
-- 测试用例: SELECT pkg_number_trans.f_oct_to_hex('3612') FROM dual;
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
v_return VARCHAR2(4000);
v_bin VARCHAR2(4000);
BEGIN
SELECT pkg_number_trans.f_oct_to_bin(p_str) INTO v_bin FROM dual;
SELECT pkg_number_trans.f_bin_to_hex(v_bin) INTO v_return FROM dual;
RETURN v_return;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
RETURN NULL;
END f_oct_to_hex;

FUNCTION f_dec_to_bin(p_int IN VARCHAR2) RETURN VARCHAR2 IS
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- 对象名称: f_dec_to_bin
-- 对象描述: 十进制转换二进制
-- 输入参数: p_str 十进制字符串
-- 返回结果: 二进制字符串
-- 测试用例: SELECT pkg_number_trans.f_dec_to_bin('1930') FROM dual;
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
v_return VARCHAR2(4000);
v_hex VARCHAR2(4000);
BEGIN
SELECT pkg_number_trans.f_dec_to_hex(p_int) INTO v_hex FROM dual;
SELECT pkg_number_trans.f_hex_to_bin(v_hex) INTO v_return FROM dual;
RETURN v_return;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
RETURN NULL;
END f_dec_to_bin;
FUNCTION f_dec_to_oct(p_int IN VARCHAR2) RETURN VARCHAR2 IS
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- 对象名称: f_dec_to_oct
-- 对象描述: 十进制转换八进制
-- 输入参数: p_str 十进制字符串
-- 返回结果: 八进制字符串
-- 测试用例: SELECT pkg_number_trans.f_dec_to_oct('1930') FROM dual;
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
v_return VARCHAR2(4000);
v_bin VARCHAR2(4000);
BEGIN
SELECT pkg_number_trans.f_dec_to_bin(p_int) INTO v_bin FROM dual;
v_bin := substr('00' || v_bin, -3 * ceil(length(v_bin) / 3));
SELECT f_stragg(data1) INTO v_return
FROM (SELECT (CASE upper(substr(v_bin, (rownum - 1) * 3 + 1, 3))
WHEN '000' THEN '0'
WHEN '001' THEN '1'
WHEN '010' THEN '2'
WHEN '011' THEN '3'
WHEN '100' THEN '4'
WHEN '101' THEN '5'
WHEN '110' THEN '6'
WHEN '111' THEN '7'
END) data1
FROM dual
CONNECT BY rownum <= length(v_bin) / 3);
RETURN v_return;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
RETURN NULL;
END f_dec_to_oct;

FUNCTION f_dec_to_hex(p_int IN VARCHAR2) RETURN VARCHAR2 IS
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- 对象名称: f_dec_to_oct
-- 对象描述: 十进制转换十六进制
-- 输入参数: p_str 十进制字符串
-- 返回结果: 十六进制字符串
-- 测试用例: SELECT pkg_number_trans.f_dec_to_hex('1930') FROM dual;
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
v_return VARCHAR2(4000);
BEGIN
SELECT upper(TRIM(to_char(p_int, 'xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx'))) INTO v_return FROM dual;
RETURN v_return;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
RETURN NULL;
END f_dec_to_hex;

FUNCTION f_hex_to_bin(p_str IN VARCHAR2) RETURN VARCHAR2 IS
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- 对象名称: f_dec_to_oct
-- 对象描述: 十六进制转换二进制
-- 输入参数: p_str 十六进制字符串
-- 返回结果: 二进制字符串
-- 测试用例: SELECT pkg_number_trans.f_hex_to_oct('78A') FROM dual;
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
v_return VARCHAR2(4000);
BEGIN
SELECT to_char(to_number(f_stragg(data1))) INTO v_return
FROM (SELECT (CASE upper(substr(p_str, rownum, 1))
WHEN '0' THEN '0000'
WHEN '1' THEN '0001'
WHEN '2' THEN '0010'
WHEN '3' THEN '0011'
WHEN '4' THEN '0100'
WHEN '5' THEN '0101'
WHEN '6' THEN '0110'
WHEN '7' THEN '0111'
WHEN '8' THEN '1000'
WHEN '9' THEN '1001'
WHEN 'A' THEN '1010'
WHEN 'B' THEN '1011'
WHEN 'C' THEN '1100'
WHEN 'D' THEN '1101'
WHEN 'E' THEN '1110'
WHEN 'F' THEN '1111'
END) data1
FROM dual
CONNECT BY rownum <= length(p_str));
RETURN v_return;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
RETURN NULL;
END f_hex_to_bin;

FUNCTION f_hex_to_oct(p_str IN VARCHAR2) RETURN VARCHAR2 IS
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- 对象名称: f_dec_to_oct
-- 对象描述: 十六进制转换八进制
-- 输入参数: p_str 十六进制字符串
-- 返回结果: 八进制字符串
-- 测试用例: SELECT pkg_number_trans.f_hex_to_oct('78A') FROM dual;
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
v_return VARCHAR2(4000);
v_bin VARCHAR2(4000);
BEGIN
SELECT pkg_number_trans.f_hex_to_bin(p_str) INTO v_bin FROM dual;
SELECT pkg_number_trans.f_bin_to_oct(v_bin) INTO v_return FROM dual;
RETURN v_return;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
RETURN NULL;
END f_hex_to_oct;

FUNCTION f_hex_to_dec(p_str IN VARCHAR2) RETURN VARCHAR2 IS
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- 对象名称: f_hex_to_dec
-- 对象描述: 十六进制转换十进制
-- 输入参数: p_str 十六进制字符串
-- 返回结果: 十进制字符串
-- 测试用例: SELECT pkg_number_trans.f_hex_to_dec('78A') FROM dual;
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
v_return VARCHAR2(4000);
BEGIN
SELECT SUM(data1) INTO v_return
FROM (SELECT (CASE upper(substr(p_str, rownum, 1))
WHEN 'A' THEN '10'
WHEN 'B' THEN '11'
WHEN 'C' THEN '12'
WHEN 'D' THEN '13'
WHEN 'E' THEN '14'
WHEN 'F' THEN '15'
ELSE substr(p_str, rownum, 1)
END) * power(16, length(p_str) - rownum) data1
FROM dual
CONNECT BY rownum <= length(p_str));
RETURN v_return;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
RETURN NULL;
END f_hex_to_dec;

END pkg_number_trans;
/

另外再转一篇比较简单的做法：

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

http://www.wangchao.net.cn/bbsdetail_1775191.html

进制转换是开发中经常需要用到的，本文简单介绍几种常用的进制转化方法.

一 16进制转换为10进制

　　可以通过to_number函数实现

　　SQL> select to_number(’19f’,’xxx’) from dual;

　　TO_NUMBER(’19F’,’XXX’)
　　----------------------
　　415

　　SQL> select to_number(’f’,’xx’) from dual;

　　TO_NUMBER(’F’,’XX’)
　　-------------------
　　15

二 10进制转换为16进制

　　可以通过to_char函数转换

　　SQL> select to_char(123,’xxx’) from dual;

　　TO_C
　　----
　　7b

　　SQL> select to_char(4567,’xxxx’) from dual;

　　TO_CH
　　-----
　　11d7

三 2进制转换为10进制

　　从Oracle9i开始,提供函数bin_to_num进行2进制到10进制的转换

　　SQL> select bin_to_num(1,1,0,1) a,bin_to_num(1,0) b from dual;

　　A B
　　----- ----------
　　13 2

　　SQL> select bin_to_num(1,1,1,0,1) from dual;

　　BIN_TO_NUM(1,1,1,0,1)
　　---------------------
　　29

四通过自定义函数实现进制转换

　　以下函数来自AskTom网站,是Tom给出的例子,供参考:

　　create or replace function to_base( p_dec in number, p_base in number )
　　return varchar2
　　is
　　l_str varchar2(255) default NULL;
　　l_num number default p_dec;
　　l_hex varchar2(16) default ’0123456789ABCDEF’;
　　begin
　　if ( trunc(p_dec) <> p_dec OR p_dec < 0 ) then
　　raise PROGRAM_ERROR;
　　end if;
　　loop
　　l_str := substr( l_hex, mod(l_num,p_base)+1, 1 ) l_str;
　　l_num := trunc( l_num/p_base );
　　exit when ( l_num = 0 );
　　end loop;
　　return l_str;
　　end to_base;
　　/

　　create or replace function to_dec
　　( p_str in varchar2,
　　p_from_base in number default 16 ) return number
　　is
　　l_num number default 0;
　　l_hex varchar2(16) default ’0123456789ABCDEF’;
　　begin
　　for i in 1 .. length(p_str) loop
　　l_num := l_num * p_from_base + instr(l_hex,upper(substr(p_str,i,1)))-1;
　　end loop;
　　return l_num;
　　end to_dec;
　　/
　　show errors

　　create or replace function to_hex( p_dec in number ) return varchar2
　　is
　　begin
　　return to_base( p_dec, 16 );
　　end to_hex;
　　/

　　create or replace function to_bin( p_dec in number ) return varchar2
　　is
　　begin
　　return to_base( p_dec, 2 );
　　end to_bin;
　　/

　　create or replace function to_oct( p_dec in number ) return varchar2
　　is
　　begin
　　return to_base( p_dec, 8 );
　　end to_oct;
　　/

posted on 2009-07-02 22:15 decode360 阅读(1424) 评论(0) 编辑收藏所属分类: 07.Oracle

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