一、问题
当开启 minimizeJar 后，精简的Jar运行会出现如下错误：
The image could not be loaded: FileImageDescriptor(location=class org.eclipse.jface.dialogs.TitleAreaDialog, name=images/title_banner.png)
org.eclipse.jface.resource.DeviceResourceException: Unable to create resource FileImageDescriptor(location=class org.eclipse.jface.dialogs.TitleAreaDialog, name=images/title_banner.png)
at org.eclipse.jface.resource.ImageDescriptor.createResource(ImageDescriptor.java:184)
at org.eclipse.jface.resource.DeviceResourceManager.allocate(DeviceResourceManager.java:55)
at org.eclipse.jface.resource.AbstractResourceManager.create(AbstractResourceManager.java:88)
at org.eclipse.jface.resource.ResourceManager.createImageWithDefault(ResourceManager.java:195)
…………
出现这个错误的直接现象是所有的图片——包括图标——都无法正确显示。
二、分析
开始以为是resources打包错误导致没有被压进jar包，不过分析jar包内容发现并没有文件缺失，然后开始分析minimizeJar的机制。文档上说：
<minimizeJar>
When true, dependencies will be stripped down on the class level to only the transitive hull required for the artifact. Note: Usage of this feature requires Java 1.5 or higher.
由此来看，shade做的只是做了静态调用分析，并没有做动态类加载运行分析，因此极大可能问题是出在这里了。而且从抛出的异常来看，有可能是图片文件格式无法解析导致了图片资源创建失败。
那么之后的调试方法就简单了，首先上verbose大法，直接加verbose:class参数，分别运行正常的和异常的Jar包，从输出信息发现了端倪：
[Loaded java.lang.IndexOutOfBoundsException from C:\Program Files\Java\jre1.8.0_151\lib\rt.jar]
[Loaded java.lang.ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException from C:\Program Files\Java\jre1.8.0_151\lib\rt.jar]
[Loaded org.eclipse.swt.internal.image.WinBMPFileFormat from file:/E:/Temp/*****.jar]
[Loaded org.eclipse.swt.internal.image.GIFFileFormat from file:/E:/Temp/*****.jar]
[Loaded org.eclipse.swt.internal.image.WinICOFileFormat from file:/E:/Temp/*****.jar]
[Loaded org.eclipse.swt.internal.image.JPEGFileFormat from file:/E:/Temp/*****.jar]
[Loaded org.eclipse.swt.internal.image.JPEGSegment from file:/E:/Temp/*****.jar]
[Loaded org.eclipse.swt.internal.image.JPEGFixedSizeSegment from file:/E:/Temp/*****.jar]
[Loaded org.eclipse.swt.internal.image.JPEGStartOfImage from file:/E:/Temp/*****.jar]
[Loaded org.eclipse.swt.internal.image.PNGFileFormat from file:/E:/Temp/*****.jar]
[Loaded org.eclipse.swt.internal.image.PngInputStream from file:/E:/Temp/*****.jar]
[Loaded org.eclipse.swt.internal.image.PngDecodingDataStream from file:/E:/Temp/*****.jar]
[Loaded org.eclipse.swt.internal.image.PngChunkReader from file:/E:/Temp/*****.jar]
[Loaded org.eclipse.swt.internal.image.PngChunk from file:/E:/Temp/*****.jar]
[Loaded org.eclipse.swt.internal.image.PngIhdrChunk from file:/E:/Temp/*****.jar]
[Loaded org.eclipse.swt.internal.image.PngFileReadState from file:/E:/Temp/*****.jar]
[Loaded org.eclipse.swt.internal.image.PngPlteChunk from file:/E:/Temp/*****.jar]
[Loaded org.eclipse.swt.internal.image.PngIdatChunk from file:/E:/Temp/*****.jar]
[Loaded org.eclipse.swt.internal.image.PngIendChunk from file:/E:/Temp/*****.jar]
[Loaded org.eclipse.swt.internal.image.PngTrnsChunk from file:/E:/Temp/*****.jar]
[Loaded org.eclipse.swt.internal.win32.BITMAPINFOHEADER from file:/E:/Temp/*****.jar]
[Loaded org.eclipse.jface.window.ToolTip$ToolTipOwnerControlListener from file:/E:/Temp/*****.jar]
[Loaded org.eclipse.jface.window.ToolTip$$Lambda$19/1873653341 from org.eclipse.jface.window.ToolTip]
[Loaded org.cncert.xac.utils.ResourceManager from file:/E:/Temp/*****.jar]
[Loaded org.eclipse.swt.widgets.ToolItem from file:/E:/Temp/*****.jar]
[Loaded org.eclipse.swt.internal.win32.TBBUTTON from file:/E:/Temp/*****.jar]
[Loaded org.eclipse.jface.resource.AbstractResourceManager$RefCount from file:/E:/Temp/*****.jar]
[Loaded org.eclipse.swt.layout.FormData from file:/E:/Temp/*****.jar]
[Loaded org.eclipse.swt.layout.FormAttachment from file:/E:/Temp/*****.jar]
[Loaded org.eclipse.jface.dialogs.TitleAreaDialog$1 from file:/E:/Temp/*****.jar]
[Loaded org.eclipse.jface.window.ToolTip$TooltipHideListener from file:/E:/Temp/*****.jar]
注意上方红色的字体，在异常的Jar包输出中是没有的，同时检查了Jar包中果然没有打包这几个类！将这几个类手动加入Jar包后，异常的Jar包可以正常运行了。
从源代码看，这几个类型是SWT在运行时动态加载的，由 org.eclipse.swt.internal.image.FileFormat 动态加载，相关代码如下：
package org.eclipse.swt.internal.image;
import java.io.*;
import org.eclipse.swt.*;
import org.eclipse.swt.graphics.*;
/**
* Abstract factory class for loading/unloading images from files or streams
* in various image file formats.
*
*/
public abstract class FileFormat {
static final String FORMAT_PACKAGE = "org.eclipse.swt.internal.image"; //$NON-NLS-1$
static final String FORMAT_SUFFIX = "FileFormat"; //$NON-NLS-1$
static final String[] FORMATS = {"WinBMP", "WinBMP", "GIF", "WinICO", "JPEG", "PNG", "TIFF", "OS2BMP"}; //$NON-NLS-1$//$NON-NLS-2$ //$NON-NLS-3$ //$NON-NLS-4$//$NON-NLS-5$ //$NON-NLS-6$//$NON-NLS-7$//$NON-NLS-8$
LEDataInputStream inputStream;
LEDataOutputStream outputStream;
ImageLoader loader;
int compression;
static FileFormat getFileFormat (LEDataInputStream stream, String format) throws Exception {
Class<?> clazz = Class.forName(FORMAT_PACKAGE + '.' + format + FORMAT_SUFFIX);
FileFormat fileFormat = (FileFormat) clazz.getDeclaredConstructor().newInstance();
if (fileFormat.isFileFormat(stream)) return fileFormat;
return null;
}
三、Maven配置的修改
在官方文档中，可以使用filter来显式包含不想被minimizeJar优化掉的内容，但是目前filter还无法做到针对一个artifact中选择性对某个目录下的文件不做优化。
例如，我希望shade不对org/eclipse/swt/internal/image/**做优化，我的配置是这样的：
<filter>
<artifact>org.eclipse:swt.win32.x86_64</artifact>
<includes>
<include>org/eclipse/swt/internal/image/**</include>
</includes>
</filter>
但最终的结果是只打包了这个目录内的类，而这个artifact中的其他类全部被removed，因为
官方demo中有这样一句话：
As of version 1.6, minimizeJar will respect classes that were specifically marked for inclusion in a filter. Note that specifying an include filter for classes in an artifact implicitly excludes all non-specified classes in that artifact.
所以我只能让shade将swt的artifact全部保留，不做优化。
<filter>
<artifact>org.eclipse:swt.win32.x86_64</artifact>
<includes>
<include>**</include>
</includes>
</filter>
或者使用artifactSet达到同样的效果。
四、总结
- 目前shade的机制是静态分析，所以可能会优化掉很多动态加载的类，对于使用动态加载较多的工程，在发布时需要特别注意。
- 目前shade的配置无法在一个artifact内显式指定某个路径不优化（或许有，但我确实没找到，欢迎知道的朋友留言告知），只能显式保留整个artifact不做优化。
无人分享的快乐不是真快乐，没人分担的痛苦是真痛苦。
posted on 2019-04-29 16:33
Feenn 阅读(772)
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