开发环境的塔建我就不多说了，具体可以参考我以前的几篇日志。
在Eclipse中新建一个动态Web工程，将Struts 、Spring、Hibernate需要的jar都添加到WEB-INF/lib目录下，
将Struts标签所需的tld文件、struts-config.xml文件（可以由StrutsIDE生成）添加到WEB-INF下，另外在
此目录下添加一个Spring的配置文件applicationContext.xml。
我参考的例子是夏昕的《深入浅出Hibernate》上的第6章，很好的一个论坛示例。
首先按照书上的ER模型，在数据库（MySQL）中建立相应的数据库。
create database forum;
use forum;
create table user(
id int not null auto_increment primary key,
name varchar(50),
pwd varchar(50),
email varchar(50)
)type=innodb;
create table board(
id int not null auto_increment primary key,
parent_id int,
create_by int not null,
name varchar(50) not null,
remark varchar(255),
create_time datetime,
index(parent_id),
index(create_by),
foreign key(parent_id) references board(id) on delete cascade,
foreign key(create_by) references user(id) on delete no action
)type=innodb;
create table article(
id int not null auto_increment primary key,
parent_id int ,
board_id int not null,
article_type int not null,
title varchar(255),
body text,
create_by int not null,
create_time datetime,
hits int unsigned,
bytes int unsigned,
last_update_by int not null,
last_update_time datetime,
index(parent_id),
index(board_id),
index(create_by),
index(last_update_by),
foreign key(parent_id) references article(id) on delete no action,
foreign key(board_id) references board(id) on delete cascade,
foreign key(create_by) references user(id) on delete no action,
foreign key(last_update_by) references user(id) on delete no action
)type=innodb;
之后，我选择了用Hibernate Sychonizer来生成映射文件和实体类，然后对生成的类进行修改（删掉了生成的Base类），
实际上Hibernate Sychonizer生成的映射文件也有错误，需要修改，我也是后来在使用中发现的。
//User.hbm.xml
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD//EN"
"
http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd
" >
<hibernate-mapping package="com.lzy.forum.domain">
<class
name="User"
table="user"
>
<id
name="Id"
type="integer"
column="id"
>
<generator class="native"/>
</id>
<property
name="Name"
column="name"
type="string"
not-null="false"
length="50"
/>
<property
name="Pwd"
column="pwd"
type="string"
not-null="false"
length="50"
/>
<property
name="Email"
column="email"
type="string"
not-null="false"
length="50"
/>
<set name="ArticlesByLastUpdateBy" inverse="true" lazy="true">
<key column="last_update_by"/>
<one-to-many class="Article"/>
</set>
<set name="ArticlesByCreateBy" inverse="true" lazy="true">
<key column="create_by"/>【这里的create_by是后来修改的，Hibernate Sychonizer生成的有错，后面有几处同样的错误】
<one-to-many class="Article"/>
</set>
<set name="Boards" inverse="true" lazy="true">
<key column="create_by"/>【这里的create_by是后来修改的】
<one-to-many class="Board"/>
</set>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
//User.java
package com.lzy.forum.domain;
public class User{
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
// primary key
private java.lang.Integer id;
// fields
private java.lang.String name;
private java.lang.String pwd;
private java.lang.String email;
// collections
private java.util.Set<Article> articlesByLastUpdateBy;
private java.util.Set<Article> articlesByCreateBy;
private java.util.Set<Board> boards;
public java.util.Set<Article> getArticlesByCreateBy() {
return articlesByCreateBy;
}
public void setArticlesByCreateBy(java.util.Set<Article> articlesByCreateBy) {
this.articlesByCreateBy = articlesByCreateBy;
}
public java.util.Set<Article> getArticlesByLastUpdateBy() {
return articlesByLastUpdateBy;
}
public void setArticlesByLastUpdateBy(
java.util.Set<Article> articlesByLastUpdateBy) {
this.articlesByLastUpdateBy = articlesByLastUpdateBy;
}
public java.util.Set<Board> getBoards() {
return boards;
}
public void setBoards(java.util.Set<Board> boards) {
this.boards = boards;
}
public java.lang.String getEmail() {
return email;
}
public void setEmail(java.lang.String email) {
this.email = email;
}
public java.lang.Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(java.lang.Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public java.lang.String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(java.lang.String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public java.lang.String getPwd() {
return pwd;
}
public void setPwd(java.lang.String pwd) {
this.pwd = pwd;
}
}
//Board.hbm.xml
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD//EN"
"
http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd
" >
<hibernate-mapping package="com.lzy.forum.domain">
<class
name="Board"
table="board"
>
<meta attribute="sync-DAO">false</meta>
<id
name="Id"
type="integer"
column="id"
>
<generator class="native"/>
</id>
<property
name="Name"
column="name"
type="string"
not-null="true"
length="50"
/>
<property
name="Remark"
column="remark"
type="string"
not-null="false"
length="255"
/>
<property
name="CreateTime"
column="create_time"
type="timestamp"
not-null="false"
length="19"
/>
<many-to-one
name="CreateBy"
column="create_by"
class="User"
not-null="true"
>
</many-to-one>
<many-to-one
name="Parent"
column="parent_id"
class="Board"
not-null="false"
lazy="false">
</many-to-one>
<set name="Articles" inverse="true" lazy="true" order-by="id">
<key column="board_id"/>【这里的board_id是后来修改的】
<one-to-many class="Article"/>
</set>
<set name="ChildBoards" inverse="true" lazy="true" order-by="id">
<key column="parent_id"/>【这里的parent_id是后来修改的】
<one-to-many class="Board"/>
</set>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
//Board.java
package com.lzy.forum.domain;
public class Board {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
// primary key
private java.lang.Integer id;
// fields
private java.lang.String name;
private java.lang.String remark;
private java.util.Date createTime;
// many to one
private com.lzy.forum.domain.User createBy;
private com.lzy.forum.domain.Board parent;
// collections
private java.util.Set<com.lzy.forum.domain.Article> articles;
private java.util.Set<com.lzy.forum.domain.Board> childBoards;
public java.util.Set<com.lzy.forum.domain.Article> getArticles() {
return articles;
}
public void setArticles(java.util.Set<com.lzy.forum.domain.Article> articles) {
this.articles = articles;
}
public java.util.Set<com.lzy.forum.domain.Board> getChildBoards() {
return childBoards;
}
public void setChildBoards(java.util.Set<com.lzy.forum.domain.Board> childBoards) {
this.childBoards = childBoards;
}
public com.lzy.forum.domain.User getCreateBy() {
return createBy;
}
public void setCreateBy(com.lzy.forum.domain.User createBy) {
this.createBy = createBy;
}
public java.util.Date getCreateTime() {
return createTime;
}
public void setCreateTime(java.util.Date createTime) {
this.createTime = createTime;
}
public java.lang.Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(java.lang.Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public java.lang.String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(java.lang.String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public com.lzy.forum.domain.Board getParent() {
return parent;
}
public void setParent(com.lzy.forum.domain.Board parent) {
this.parent = parent;
}
public java.lang.String getRemark() {
return remark;
}
public void setRemark(java.lang.String remark) {
this.remark = remark;
}
}
//Article.hbm.xml
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD//EN"
"
http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd
" >
<hibernate-mapping package="com.lzy.forum.domain">
<class
name="Article"
table="article"
>
<meta attribute="sync-DAO">false</meta>
<id
name="Id"
type="integer"
column="id"
>
<generator class="native"/>
</id>
<property
name="ArticleType"
column="article_type"
type="integer"
not-null="true"
length="11"
/>
<property
name="Title"
column="title"
type="string"
not-null="false"
length="255"
/>
<property
name="Body"
column="body"
type="string"
not-null="false"
/>
<property
name="Hits"
column="hits"
type="integer"
not-null="false"
length="10"
/>
<property
name="Bytes"
column="bytes"
type="integer"
not-null="false"
length="10"
/>
<property
name="CreateTime"
column="create_time"
type="timestamp"
not-null="false"
length="19"
/>
<property
name="LastUpdateTime"
column="last_update_time"
type="timestamp"
not-null="false"
length="19"
/>
<many-to-one
name="LastUpdateBy"
column="last_update_by"
class="User"
not-null="true"
>
</many-to-one>
<many-to-one
name="CreateBy"
column="create_by"
class="User"
not-null="true"
>
</many-to-one>
<many-to-one
name="Parent"
column="parent_id"
class="Article"
not-null="false"
>
</many-to-one>
<many-to-one
name="Board"
column="board_id"
class="Board"
not-null="true"
>
</many-to-one>
<set name="Articles" inverse="true" lazy="false" order-by="id">
<key column="parent_id"/>【这里的parent_id是后来修改的】
<one-to-many class="Article"/>
</set>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
//Article.java
package com.lzy.forum.domain;
import java.util.Date;
public class Article {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
// primary key
private java.lang.Integer id;
// fields
private java.lang.Integer articleType;
private java.lang.String title;
private java.lang.String body;
private java.lang.Integer hits;
private java.lang.Integer bytes;
private java.util.Date lastUpdateTime;
private java.util.Date createTime;
// many to one
private com.lzy.forum.domain.User lastUpdateBy;
private com.lzy.forum.domain.User createBy;
private com.lzy.forum.domain.Article parent;
private com.lzy.forum.domain.Board board;
// collections
private java.util.Set<com.lzy.forum.domain.Article> articles;
public java.util.Set<com.lzy.forum.domain.Article> getArticles() {
return articles;
}
public void setArticles(java.util.Set<com.lzy.forum.domain.Article> articles) {
this.articles = articles;
}
public java.lang.Integer getArticleType() {
return articleType;
}
public void setArticleType(java.lang.Integer articleType) {
this.articleType = articleType;
}
public com.lzy.forum.domain.Board getBoard() {
return board;
}
public void setBoard(com.lzy.forum.domain.Board board) {
this.board = board;
}
public java.lang.String getBody() {
return body;
}
public void setBody(java.lang.String body) {
this.body = body;
}
public java.lang.Integer getBytes() {
return bytes;
}
public void setBytes(java.lang.Integer bytes) {
this.bytes = bytes;
}
public com.lzy.forum.domain.User getCreateBy() {
return createBy;
}
public void setCreateBy(com.lzy.forum.domain.User createBy) {
this.createBy = createBy;
}
public java.lang.Integer getHits() {
return hits;
}
public void setHits(java.lang.Integer hits) {
this.hits = hits;
}
public java.lang.Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(java.lang.Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public com.lzy.forum.domain.User getLastUpdateBy() {
return lastUpdateBy;
}
public void setLastUpdateBy(com.lzy.forum.domain.User lastUpdateBy) {
this.lastUpdateBy = lastUpdateBy;
}
public java.util.Date getLastUpdateTime() {
return lastUpdateTime;
}
public void setLastUpdateTime(java.util.Date lastUpdateTime) {
this.lastUpdateTime = lastUpdateTime;
}
public com.lzy.forum.domain.Article getParent() {
return parent;
}
public void setParent(com.lzy.forum.domain.Article parent) {
this.parent = parent;
}
public java.lang.String getTitle() {
return title;
}
public void setTitle(java.lang.String title) {
this.title = title;
}
public java.util.Date getCreateTime(){
return createTime;
}
public void setCreateTime(java.util.Date createTime) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
this.createTime = createTime;
}