有些时候我们希望得到指定数据中的前n列,示例如下:
得到每个部门薪水最高的三个雇员:
先创建示例表
create table emp
as
select * from scott.emp;
alter table emp
add constraint emp_pk
primary key(empno);
create table dept
as
select * from scott.dept;
alter table dept
add constraint dept_pk
primary key(deptno);
先看一下row_number() /rank()/dense_rank()三个函数之间的区别
select emp.deptno,emp.sal,emp.empno,row_number() over (partition by deptno order by sal desc) row_number, --1,2,3
rank() over (partition by deptno order by sal desc) rank, --1,1,3
dense_rank() over (partition by deptno order by sal desc) dense_rank from emp --1,1,2
结果如下:
10 5000.00 7839 1 1 1
10 2450.00 7782 2 2 2
10 1300.00 7934 3 3 3
20 3000.00 7788 1 1 1
20 3000.00 7902 2 1 1
20 2975.00 7566 3 3 2
20 1100.00 7876 4 4 3
20 800.00 7369 5 5 4
30 2850.00 7698 1 1 1
30 1600.00 7499 2 2 2
取每个部门的薪水前三位雇员:
select t.deptno,t.rank,t.sal from
(
select emp.*,row_number() over (partition by deptno order by sal desc) row_number, --1,2,3
rank() over (partition by deptno order by sal desc) rank, --1,1,3
dense_rank() over (partition by deptno order by sal desc) dense_rank from emp --1,1,2
) t
where t.rank<=3
结果如下:
10 1 5000.00
10 2 2450.00
10 3 1300.00
20 1 3000.00
20 1 3000.00
20 3 2975.00
30 1 2850.00
30 2 1600.00
30 3 1500.00
如果想输出成deptno sal1 sal2 sal3这种类型的格式
步骤一(decode):
select t.deptno,decode(row_number,1,sal) sal1,decode(row_number,2,sal) sal2,decode(row_number,3,sal) sal3 from
(
select emp.*,row_number() over (partition by deptno order by sal desc) row_number, --1,2,3
rank() over (partition by deptno order by sal desc) rank, --1,1,3
dense_rank() over (partition by deptno order by sal desc) dense_rank from emp --1,1,2
) t
where t.rank<=3
结果如下:
10 5000
10 2450
10 1300
20 3000
20 3000
20 2975
30 2850
30 1600
30 1500
步骤二(使用聚合函数去除null,得到最终结果):
select t.deptno,max(decode(row_number,1,sal)) sal1,max(decode(row_number,2,sal)) sal2,max(decode(row_number,3,sal)) sal3 from
(
select emp.*,row_number() over (partition by deptno order by sal desc) row_number, --1,2,3
rank() over (partition by deptno order by sal desc) rank, --1,1,3
dense_rank() over (partition by deptno order by sal desc) dense_rank from emp --1,1,2
) t
where t.rank<=3
group by t.deptno
结果如下:
10 5000 2450 1300
20 3000 3000 2975
30 2850 1600 1500
本文来自CSDN博客,转载请标明出处:http://blog.csdn.net/huanghui22/archive/2007/05/03/1595166.aspx
开心过好每一天。。。。。