本文记录的安装步骤是基于基本安装后的Debian，启动后漆黑一片，只有命令行，采用在线安装方式，因此配置中国的镜像软件源能提高软件的下载速度，首先配置软件源。备份源文件# cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak
编辑源文件# nano /etc/apt/sources.list
注释掉本地光盘源这一行，注释后如：# deb cdrom:[Debian GNU/Linux 6.0.7 _Squeeze_ - Official amd64 NETINST Binary-1 20130223-18:50]/ squeeze main取消下面两行官方源前面的注释deb http://security.debian.org/ squeeze/updates maindeb-src http://security.debian.org/ squeeze/updates main追加163的镜像源地址deb http://mirrors.163.com/debian/ squeeze main non-free contrib deb http://mirrors.163.com/debian/ squeeze-proposed-updates main contrib non-free deb http://mirrors.163.com/debian-security/ squeeze/updates main contrib non-free deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/debian/ squeeze main non-free contrib deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/debian/ squeeze-proposed-updates main contrib non-free deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/debian-security/ squeeze/updates main contrib non-free deb http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/debian/ squeeze main non-free contrib deb http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/debian/ squeeze-proposed-updates main contrib non-free deb http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/debian-security/ squeeze/updates main contrib non-free deb-src http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/debian/ squeeze main non-free contrib deb-src http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/debian/ squeeze-proposed-updates main contrib non-free deb-src http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/debian-security/ squeeze/updates main contrib non-free保存修改# ctrl + o 回车退出# ctrl + x更新源# apt-get update更新系统# apt-get upgrade安装SVN服务器# apt-get install subversion subversion-tools安装完成后可以运行命令查看SVN服务器版本信息# svnserve --version配置SVN首先创建版本库的根目录，如位置：/home/svn/repository，所有项目都将在该目录下创建相应子文件夹# mkdir –p /home/svn/repository创建项目版本库test（仅为演示）# svnadmin create /home/svn/repository/test
修改SVN配置文件
nano /home/svn/repository/test/conf/svnserve.conf
以下为文件内容：
### This file controls the configuration of the svnserve daemon, if you
### use it to allow access to this repository. (If you only allow
### access through http: and/or file: URLs, then this file is
### irrelevant.)
### Visit http://subversion.tigris.org/ for more information.
[general]
### These options control access to the repository for unauthenticated
### and authenticated users. Valid values are "write", "read",
### and "none". The sample settings below are the defaults
# 未授权配置为禁止访问none，已授权配置为可以读写write
anon-access = none
auth-access = write
### The password-db option controls the location of the password
### database file. Unless you specify a path starting with a /,
### the file's location is relative to the directory containing
### this configuration file.
### If SASL is enabled (see below), this file will NOT be used.
### Uncomment the line below to use the default password file.
# 用户数据库文件，配置授权用户，当前使用的文件是和svnserve.conf在相同目录下的passwd文件，也可以指定其他绝对路径文件，如：/home/svn/passwd
password-db = passwd
### The authz-db option controls the location of the authorization
### rules for path-based access control. Unless you specify a path
### starting with a /, the file's location is relative to the the
### directory containing this file. If you don't specify an
### authz-db, no path-based access control is done.
### Uncomment the line below to use the default authorization file.
# 授权文件，配置如同用户配置
authz-db = authz
### This option specifies the authentication realm of the repository.
### If two repositories have the same authentication realm, they should
### have the same password database, and vice versa. The default realm
### is repository's uuid.
# realm = My First Repository
[sasl]
### This option specifies whether you want to use the Cyrus SASL
### library for authentication. Default is false.
### This section will be ignored if svnserve is not built with Cyrus
### SASL support; to check, run 'svnserve --version' and look for a line
### reading 'Cyrus SASL authentication is available.'
# use-sasl = true
### These options specify the desired strength of the security layer
### that you want SASL to provide. 0 means no encryption, 1 means
### integrity-checking only, values larger than 1 are correlated
### to the effective key length for encryption (e.g. 128 means 128-bit
### encryption). The values below are the defaults.
# min-encryption = 0
# max-encryption = 256
保存
# ctrl + o 回车
退出
# ctrl + x
配置用户
# nano passwd
以下为文件内容：
### This file is an example password file for svnserve.
### Its format is similar to that of svnserve.conf. As shown in the
### example below it contains one section labelled [users].
### The name and password for each user follow, one account per line.
[users]
# harry = harryssecret
# sally = sallyssecret
IceWee = IceWee
增加用户IceWee，密码也为IceWee，=号两侧需要有空格，保存(ctrl + o 回车)退出(ctrl + x)
配置访问权限
# nano authz
以下为文件内容：
### This file is an example authorization file for svnserve.
### Its format is identical to that of mod_authz_svn authorization
### files.
### As shown below each section defines authorizations for the path and
### (optional) repository specified by the section name.
### The authorizations follow. An authorization line can refer to:
### - a single user,
### - a group of users defined in a special [groups] section,
### - an alias defined in a special [aliases] section,
### - all authenticated users, using the '$authenticated' token,
### - only anonymous users, using the '$anonymous' token,
### - anyone, using the '*' wildcard.
###
### A match can be inverted by prefixing the rule with '~'. Rules can
### grant read ('r') access, read-write ('rw') access, or no access
### ('').
[aliases]
# joe = /C=XZ/ST=Dessert/L=Snake City/O=Snake Oil, Ltd./OU=Research Institute/CN=Joe Average
[groups]
# harry_and_sally = harry,sally
# harry_sally_and_joe = harry,sally,&joe
developers = IceWee
# [/foo/bar]
# harry = rw
# &joe = r
# * =
# [repository:/baz/fuz]
# @harry_and_sally = rw
# * = r
[/]
* = r
IceWee = rw
@developers = rw
[/tags]
IceWee = rw
默认所有用户可读取根，IceWee可以读写根。可以分别对子目录进行授权，如上的tags目录，IceWee具有读写权限，以及IceWee所在的组developers也具备读写权限。
启动SVN服务器
# svnserve -d -r /home/svn/repository
-d含义为后台运行（daemon），-r指定的根目录，如访问test应该使用这样的地址 svn://hostname:port/test
停止SVN服务
# killall svnserve
备份还原命令，与oracle的备份有些类似
导出
# svnadmin dump /home/svn/repository/test > /home/bak/test.dump
导入
# svnadmin load /home/svn/repository/demo < /home/bak/demo.dump
导入前提：
必须先创建要导入版本库目录，如上的demo，则需要做以下操作
# svnadmin create /home/svn/respository/demo
修改svnserve.conf、passwd、authz等文件，前面已介绍