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Apache + Tomcat集群配置方案

---------- 黄建德 2005-12-02

 

1、  下载mod_jk2.so/mod_jk.so,并拷贝文件到Apache\modules目录

mod_jk-1.2.14-apache-2.0.54.so/mod_jk-2.0.4-apache-2.0.49.so

2、  配置conf\httpd.conf文件内容

#======================================#

# 加载mod_jk2/mod_jk

#LoadModule jk2_module modules/mod_jk2.so(加载mod_jk)

LoadModule jk2_module modules/mod_jk2.so

 

#--------以下为mod_jk时配置---------#

# 配置mod_jk

JkWorkersFile conf/workers.properties

JkLogFile logs/mod_jk.log

JkLogLevel info

#请求分发,对jsp文件,.do等动态请求交由tomcat处理

#DocumentRoot "C:/Apache/htdocs"

JkMount /*.jsp loadbalancer

JkMount /*.do loadbalancer

JkMount /servlet/* loadbalancer

#--------以上为mod_jk时配置---------#

 

#关掉主机Lookup,如果为on,很影响性能,可以有10多秒钟的延迟。

HostnameLookups Off

 

#缓存配置

LoadModule cache_module modules/mod_cache.so

LoadModule disk_cache_module modules/mod_disk_cache.so

LoadModule mem_cache_module modules/mod_mem_cache.so

 

#一个连接的最大请求数量

MaxKeepAliveRequests 10000

#NT环境,只能配置这个参数来提供性能

<IfModule mpm_winnt.c>

     #每个进程的线程数,最大1920。NT只启动父子两个进程,不能设置启动多个进程

     ThreadsPerChild 1900

     #每个子进程能够处理的最大请求数

     MaxRequestsPerChild  10000

</IfModule>

 

<IfModule mod_cache.c>

  CacheForceCompletion 100

  CacheDefaultExpire 3600

  CacheMaxExpire 86400

  CacheLastModifiedFactor 0.1

 

  <IfModule mod_disk_cache.c>

          CacheEnable disk /

          CacheRoot c:/cacheroot

          CacheSize 327680

          CacheDirLength 4

          CacheDirLevels 5

          CacheGcInterval 4

  </IfModule>

  <IfModule mod_mem_cache.c>

          CacheEnable mem /

          MCacheSize 8192

          MCacheMaxObjectCount 10000

          MCacheMinObjectSize 1

          MCacheMaxObjectSize 51200

  </IfModule>

</IfModule>

#======================================#

3、  Apache\conf目录增加文件workers2.properties/workers.properties:

u        workers2.properties内容:

[logger.apache2]

level=ERROR

 

#shm必须配

[shm]

file=${serverRoot}/logs/shm.file

size=1048576

 

# 第一个tomcat的地址

#The socket channel, override port and host.

[channel.socket:tomcat1]

port=8009

host=127.0.0.1

# 定义第一个工作者指向第一个tomcat

# define the worker

[ajp13:tomcat1]

channel=channel.socket:tomcat1

 

#第二个tomcat的地址

#The socket channel, override port and host.

[channel.socket:tomcat2]

port=12009

host=127.0.0.1

# 定义第二个工作者指向第二个tomcat

# define the worker

[ajp13:tomcat2]

channel=channel.socket:tomcat2

 

#定义负载均衡器,使其包含两个工作者

[lb:lb1]

worker=ajp13:tomcat1

worker=ajp13:tomcat2

 

#指定负载均衡器完成单一地址映射,使得apache服务所在的uri全部指向两个tomcat上的root

# Uri mapping

[uri:/*]

[uri:/*.jsp]

[uri:/*.do]

[uri:/servlet/*]

group=lb:lb1

u        workers.properties内容:

[logger.apache2]

level=DEBUG

 

#shm必须配

[shm]

file=${serverRoot}/logs/shm.file

size=1048576

 

# list the workers by name

worker.list=tomcat1, tomcat2, loadbalancer

 

# ------------------------

# First tomcat server

# ------------------------

worker.tomcat1.port=8009

worker.tomcat1.host=localhost

worker.tomcat1.type=ajp13

 

# Specify the size of the open connection cache.

#worker.tomcat1.cachesize

 

# Specifies the load balance factor when used with

# a load balancing worker.

# Note:

#  ----> lbfactor must be > 0

#  ----> Low lbfactor means less work done by the worker.

worker.tomcat1.lbfactor=900

 

# ------------------------

# Second tomcat server

# ------------------------

worker.tomcat2.port=12009

worker.tomcat2.host=localhost

worker.tomcat2.type=ajp13

 

# Specify the size of the open connection cache.

#worker.tomcat2.cachesize

 

# Specifies the load balance factor when used with

# a load balancing worker.

# Note:

#  ----> lbfactor must be > 0

#  ----> Low lbfactor means less work done by the worker.

worker.tomcat2.lbfactor=2000

 

# ------------------------

# Load Balancer worker

# ------------------------

#

# The loadbalancer (type lb) worker performs weighted round-robin

# load balancing with sticky sessions.

# Note:

#  ----> If a worker dies, the load balancer will check its state

#        once in a while. Until then all work is redirected to peer

#        worker.

worker.loadbalancer.type=lb

worker.loadbalancer.balanced_workers=tomcat1,tomcat2

 

# ------------------------

# END workers.properties

# ------------------------

4、  配置TOMCAT的 负载平衡

u        配置第一个TOMCAT服务器(配置server.xml):

<!-- 配置8080端口 -->

<Connector port="8080" maxThreads="500" minSpareThreads="400" maxSpareThreads="450"

enableLookups="false" redirectPort="8443" acceptCount="100" debug="0"

connectionTimeout="20000" disableUploadTimeout="true" />

     <!-- 配置引擎 -->

     <Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" debug="0" jvmRoute="tomcat1">

u        配置第二个TOMCAT服务器(配置server.xml):

<!-- tomcat 停止指令监听端口 -->

<Server port="12005" shutdown="SHUTDOWN" debug="0">

<!-- 配置8081端口 -->

<Connector port="8081" maxThreads="500" minSpareThreads="400" maxSpareThreads="450"

enableLookups="false" redirectPort="8443" acceptCount="100" debug="0"

connectionTimeout="20000" disableUploadTimeout="true" />

    <!--配置8009端口为如下,端口 12009和workers2.properties/workers.properties的port一致 -->

     <Connector port="12009"

               enableLookups="false" redirectPort="8443" debug="0"

protocol="AJP/1.3" />

     <!-- 配置引擎 -->

     <Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" debug="0" jvmRoute="tomcat2">

u        配置第二个TOMCAT服务器的 jk2 (配置jk2.properties)

## THIS FILE MAY BE OVERRIDEN AT RUNTIME. MAKE SURE TOMCAT IS STOPED

## WHEN YOU EDIT THE FILE.

 

## COMMENTS WILL BE _LOST_

 

## DOCUMENTATION OF THE FORMAT IN JkMain javadoc.

 

# Set the desired handler list

# handler.list=apr,request,channelJni

# 设置jk2 connector的端口12009,server.xml文件的<Connector port="12009"..>的端口一致

# Override the default port for the socketChannel

channelSocket.port=12009

# Default:

# channelUnix.file=${jkHome}/work/jk2.socket

# Just to check if the the config  is working

# shm.file=${jkHome}/work/jk2.shm

 

# In order to enable jni use any channelJni directive

# channelJni.disabled = 0

# And one of the following directives:

 

# apr.jniModeSo=/opt/apache2/modules/mod_jk2.so

 

# If set to inprocess the mod_jk2 will Register natives itself

# This will enable the starting of the Tomcat from mod_jk2

# apr.jniModeSo=inprocess

u       配置……TOMCAT服务器:

如果有其他TOMCAT服务器,则按照如上步骤修改相关的端口,注意端口要和workers2.properties/workers.properties文件的port一致

5、  配置TOMCAT集群:

u        配置第一个TOMCAT服务器(配置server.xml):

<Cluster className="org.apache.catalina.cluster.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster"

managerClassName="org.apache.catalina.cluster.session.DeltaManager"

expireSessionsOnShutdown="false" useDirtyFlag="true">

<Membership className="org.apache.catalina.cluster.mcast.McastService"

mcastAddr="228.0.0.4" mcastBindAddr="127.0.0.1" mcastPort="45564"

mcastFrequency="500" mcastDropTime="3000"/>

<Receiver className="org.apache.catalina.cluster.tcp.ReplicationListener"

tcpListenAddress="auto" tcpListenPort="4001" tcpSelectorTimeout="100"

tcpThreadCount="6"/>

<Sender className="org.apache.catalina.cluster.tcp.ReplicationTransmitter"

replicationMode="pooled"/>

<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.cluster.tcp.ReplicationValve"

filter=".*\.gif;.*\.js;.*\.jpg;.*\.htm;.*\.html;.*\.txt;"/>

</Cluster>

u       配置第二个TOMCAT服务器(配置server.xml):

<Cluster className="org.apache.catalina.cluster.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster"

managerClassName="org.apache.catalina.cluster.session.DeltaManager"

expireSessionsOnShutdown="false" useDirtyFlag="true">

<Membership className="org.apache.catalina.cluster.mcast.McastService"

mcastAddr="228.0.0.4" mcastBindAddr="127.0.0.1" mcastPort="45564"

mcastFrequency="500" mcastDropTime="3000"/>

<Receiver className="org.apache.catalina.cluster.tcp.ReplicationListener"

tcpListenAddress="auto" tcpListenPort="4002" tcpSelectorTimeout="100"

tcpThreadCount="6"/>

<Sender className="org.apache.catalina.cluster.tcp.ReplicationTransmitter"

replicationMode="pooled"/>

<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.cluster.tcp.ReplicationValve"

filter=".*\.gif;.*\.js;.*\.jpg;.*\.htm;.*\.html;.*\.txt;"/>

</Cluster>

u       配置……TOMCAT服务器:

如果有其他TOMCAT服务器,则按照如上步骤修改相关的端口,如果为同一台机器上的多个TOMCAT服务器,修改tcpListenPort="4002"/tcpListenPort="4002"/…,端口不能重复。

6、  优化配置方案:

u        如果操作系统采用windows server 2003:

优化tomcat配置:

maxThreads="500" minSpareThreads="400" maxSpareThreads="450",但是tomcat最多支持500个并发访问

优化apache配置:

ThreadsPerChild 1900
MaxRequestsPerChild 10000

u        如果操作系统采用windows 2000 server:

优化tomcat配置:

maxThreads="300" minSpareThreads="150" maxSpareThreads="200",但是tomcat最多支持300个并发访问

优化apache配置:

ThreadsPerChild 1000
MaxRequestsPerChild 8000

7、  技术方案:

u       采用负载平衡和集群技术,采用 Apache+Tomcat 的机群技术。
采用压力测试工具,测试压力。工具是 Loadrunner 7.8

8、  其他:

网站的压力测试,涉及的知识面挺广的,不仅要熟悉压力测试工具,还要知道如何配置和优化应用服务器和数据库,并且需要知道如何优化网络、操作系统、硬件系统。

测试中不仅要善于发现问题,要知道如何解决。最重要的一点,要有良好的测试方法。刚开始测试时,可以从最简单的测试脚本入手,不需要太复杂的脚本,这样便于发现问题。如我们刚开始时,就从一个简单的下载登陆界面的脚本入手,测试一个 tomcat 的压力负载。一个简单的获取登陆的脚本,帮助我们优化了 tomcat 的配置;后来再测试数据库连接,也是一个简单的数据库连接脚本,帮助我们优化了数据库连接池;然后利用这些简单的脚本,测试 apache 的负载平衡,优化了 apache 配置。最后运行复杂的脚本,模拟多种角色的用户在不同时间下的处理,以测试网站压力负载。

posted on 2006-04-22 20:14 LORD BLOG 阅读(1951) 评论(0)  编辑  收藏 所属分类: Application Server

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