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tag
>“山高人为峰”,这句话也可以用在技术的研究上。

   jsp规范里,标签具有比javabean更丰富的运行时协议。它可以非常机密的和jsp的表示逻辑联系在一起,同时,又具有javabean相同业务处理能力。所以,标签的学习成为迫切的需要,但为了满足实际项目的开发,自定义标签的学习是不容错过的。

   过实现接口或者继承现有的类,我们就可以开发自定义的标签。

   用的接口有:             JspTag

                       Tag       SimpleTag<----SimpleTagSupport

               IterationTag <----TagSupport           

                    BodyTag<----BodyTagSupport

   定义标签的开发包括两个部分的开发:

(1)、开发标签的处理程序(java类)

(2)、标签描述文件(.tld文件)

   定义标签的种类有许多,可以根据实际项目的需要进行编写。但为了不重复的开发轮子,jsp标准推出JSTL(标准标签库)。

   始我们的旅行吧,只要是快乐的,谁都想干,做的好与不好就另当别论了。

(1)从Hello World开始吧,自定义一个类它实现Tag接口,Tag接口主要定义的是标签声明周期的方法,比如:doStartTag(),doEndTag()等,通过PageContext对象来访问Jsp页面的上下文:

package com.xmddl.tag.demo;

import javax.servlet.jsp.JspException;
import javax.servlet.jsp.PageContext;
import javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.Tag;

public class HelloTag implements Tag {
 private PageContext context;
 private Tag parent;
 public void setPageContext(PageContext ctx) {
  this.context=ctx;

 }

 public void setParent(Tag tag) {
  this.parent=tag;

 }

 public Tag getParent() {
  return this.parent;
 }

 public int doStartTag() throws JspException {
  System.out.println("doStartTag");
  return Tag.SKIP_BODY;
 }

 public int doEndTag() throws JspException {
  System.out.println("doStartTag");
  try {
   this.context.getOut().write("Hello World");
  } catch (Exception e) {
   e.printStackTrace();
  }
  return Tag.EVAL_PAGE;
 }

 public void release() {
  // TODO Auto-generated method stub
 }

}

 Tag接口中静态常量:

Tag.SKIP_BODY

Tag.EVAL_PAGE

Tag.EVAL_BODY_INCLUDE

Tag.SKIP_PAGE

(2)编写标签描述文件(.tld):

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<taglib xmlns="
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee "
    xmlns:xsi="
http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance "
    xsi:schemaLocation="
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-jsptaglibrary_2_0.xsd "
    version="2.0">

  <description>xmddl 1.1 hello library</description>
  <display-name>xmddl hello</display-name>
  <tlib-version>1.1</tlib-version>
  <short-name>hello</short-name>
  <uri>http://www.xmddl.com/tag</uri>
 
 
<tag>
    <description>我的Hello World</description>
    <name>hello</name>
    <tag-class>com.xmddl.tag.demo.HelloTag</tag-class>
    <body-content>empty</body-content>
  </tag>

</taglib>

(3)、在web.xml中对标签的引用:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN" "
http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd ">
<web-app>
 <taglib>
  
<taglib-uri>http://www.xmddl.com/tag</taglib-uri>
  <taglib-location>/WEB-INF/mytag.tld</taglib-location>
 </taglib>
</web-app>

(4)、编写测试页面:

<%@ page language="java" pageEncoding="UTF-8" import="java.util.*"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://www.xmddl.com/tag" prefix="lu"%>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>MyJsp.jsp</title>
    <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">   
    <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
    <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
  </head>
 
  <body>
    <h1>This is a test tag page for person.</h1> <br>
  
<lu:hello/>
  </body>
</html>
下面看看标签中的属性是如何使用的,我们直接继承TagSupport类来编写:

 package com.xmddl.tag.demo;

import javax.servlet.jsp.JspException;
import javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.Tag;
import javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.TagSupport;

public class HelloSupport extends TagSupport {
 private String value;
 private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
 public HelloSupport(){
  super();
 }
 public int doStartTag() throws JspException {
  System.out.println("doStartTag");
  return TagSupport.EVAL_BODY_INCLUDE;
 }

 public int doEndTag() throws JspException {
  System.out.println("doEndTag");
  try {
   this.pageContext.getOut().write("标签的属性值:"+this.value);
  } catch (Exception e) {
   e.printStackTrace();
  }
  return Tag.EVAL_PAGE;
 }
 public int doAfterBody() throws JspException{
  System.out.println("doAfterBody");
  try {
   this.pageContext.getOut().write("<br>以上为标签的内容<br>");
  } catch (Exception e) {
   e.printStackTrace();
  }
  return TagSupport.EVAL_BODY_INCLUDE;
  
 }
 public String getValue() {
  return value;
 }
 public void setValue(String value) {
  this.value = value;
 }
}
======================

...

<tag>
    <name>hellosupport</name>
    <tag-class>com.xmddl.tag.demo.HelloSupport</tag-class>
    <body-content>JSP</body-content>
    <attribute>
        <name>value</name>
        <required>true</required>
        <rtexprvalue>false</rtexprvalue>
    </attribute>
  </tag>

...

=======================

<%@ page language="java" pageEncoding="gb2312" import="java.util.*"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="lu" uri="
http://www.xmddl.com/tag " %>
<html>
  <head>
  </head>
  <body>

    <h1>This is a test tag page for person.</h1> <br>
  <lu:hellosupport value="red">xmddl</lu:hellosupport>
  </body>
</html>

 利用TagSupport带来很大的方便,只要重写其中的部分方法即可实现一个标签处理程序,以上开发的标签程序和JSTL1.1标签库一起使用时出现一些疑问,原来标签的uri=" http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core ",但是,在如下的测试中会发现c:out中的值输不出来,所以,只能改为uri=" http://java.sun.com/jstl/core ",

<%@ page language="java" pageEncoding="gb2312" import="java.util.*"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="lu" uri="
http://www.xmddl.com/tag " %>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="
http://java.sun.com/jstl/core " %>

<html>
  <head>
  </head>
  <body>

    <h1>This is a test tag page for person.</h1> <br>
    <%request.setAttribute("name","xmddl"); %>
    <%session.setAttribute("names","xmddls"); %>
   
  <lu:hellosupport value="red">xmddl</lu:hellosupport><hr>
  <c:forEach begin="1" end="5" step="1">
   name=<c:out value="${name}"></c:out>
   names=<c:out value="${names}"></c:out><br>
  </c:forEach>
  </body>
</html>
输出如下:

This is a test tag page for person.
xmddl
以上为标签的内容
标签的属性值:red


name=xmddl names=xmddls
name=xmddl names=xmddls
name=xmddl names=xmddls
name=xmddl names=xmddls
name=xmddl names=xmddls

接着看看迭代标签的开发,首先,我们关注的是接口IterationTag,还有它的实现类TagSupport,接口BodyTag对IterationTag的扩展,还有BodyTag的实现类BodyTagSupport。

package com.xmddl.tag.demo;

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.jsp.JspException;
import javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.BodyTagSupport;
public class MyIteratorSupport extends BodyTagSupport {
 private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
 public String count;
 public String strColor;
 private int cou;
 
 public void setCount(String count) {
  this.count = count;
  cou=Integer.parseInt(count);
 }
 
 public int doAfterBody() throws JspException {
  try {
   this.pageContext.getOut().write("<br>");
  } catch (IOException e) {
   // TODO Auto-generated catch block
   e.printStackTrace();
  }
  if(cou>1){
   cou--;
   return MyIteratorTag.EVAL_BODY_AGAIN;
  }else{
   return MyIteratorTag.SKIP_BODY;
  }
 }
 public int doStartTag() throws JspException {
  try {
   this.pageContext.getOut().write("<font color='"+this.strColor+"'>");
  } catch (IOException e) {
   // TODO Auto-generated catch block
   e.printStackTrace();
  }
  return MyIteratorTag.EVAL_BODY_INCLUDE;
 }

 public int doEndTag() throws JspException {
  try {
   this.pageContext.getOut().write("</font>");
  } catch (IOException e) {
   // TODO Auto-generated catch block
   e.printStackTrace();
  }
  return MyIteratorTag.EVAL_PAGE;
 }

 public int getCou() {
  return cou;
 }

 public void setCou(int cou) {
  this.cou = cou;
 }

 public String getCount() {
  return count;
 }

 public String getStrColor() {
  return strColor;
 }

 public void setStrColor(String strColor) {
  this.strColor = strColor;
 }

}
==============

。。。

<tag>
    <description>对颜色的设置</description>
    <name>myColor</name>
    <tag-class>com.xmddl.tag.demo.MyIteratorSupport</tag-class>
    <body-content>JSP</body-content>
    <attribute>
        <name>count</name>
        <required>true</required>
    </attribute>
    <attribute>
        <name>strColor</name>
        <required>false</required>
    </attribute>
   </tag>

。。。

==============

<%@ page language="java" pageEncoding="gb2312" import="java.util.*"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="lu" uri="http://www.xmddl.com/tag" %>
<html>
  <head>
  </head>
  <body>

    <h1>This is a test tag page for person.</h1> <br>
    <lu:myColor count="3" strColor="blue">xmddl</lu:myColor>
  </body>
</html>

输出如下

This is a test tag page for person.


xmddl
xmddl
xmddl

posted on 2006-03-21 10:58 joeyeezhang 阅读(229) 评论(0)  编辑  收藏 所属分类: Java

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