简介
上一篇http://www.javaeye.com/topic/15317介绍了ActiveMQ5.0的安装,这一篇将介绍的配置。ActiveMQ包含了很多features(详见http://activemq.apache.org/features.html ),
不同的需求,不同的环境,需要不同的features,当然需要不同的配置。在这里我只写了最基本的配置,算是抛砖了,希望引出更多关于ActiveMQ的高级配置。
假设已经正确安装ActiveMQ5.0,同时及其IP地址为192.168.1.148,具体使用时可以改为自己的IP。下面讲解的配置实现的features如下:
- 客户端可以通过tcp://192.168.1.148连接ActiveMQ。
- 消息持久化保存,重启服务器不会丢失消息。
- 可以通过http://192.168.1.148:8161/admin监控ActiveMQ服务器
配置
ActiveMQ默认使用的是XML格式配置,从4.0版本开始用MBean的方式实现XML配置,配置文件在${activemq.home}/conf目录下,文件名为activemq.xml。最新的默认配置见
http://svn.apache.org/repos/asf/activemq/trunk/assembly/src/release/conf/activemq.xml 。下面为本篇文章使用的配置,及重要部分的解释。
- <beans
- xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
- xmlns:amq="http://activemq.org/config/1.0"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd
- http://activemq.org/config/1.0 http://activemq.apache.org/schema/activemq-core.xsd
- http://activemq.apache.org/camel/schema/spring>
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-
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-
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- <broker xmlns="http://activemq.org/config/1.0" brokerName="192.168.1.148" persistent ="true" dataDirectory="${activemq.base}/data" useShutdownHook="false">
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-
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- <destinationPolicy>
- <policyMap>
- <policyEntries>
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- <policyEntry topic="EUCITA.>" producerFlowControl="false" memoryLimit="10mb">
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- <dispatchPolicy>
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- <strictOrderDispatchPolicy/>
- </dispatchPolicy>
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- <subscriptionRecoveryPolicy>
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- <lastImageSubscriptionRecoveryPolicy/>
- </subscriptionRecoveryPolicy>
- </policyEntry>
- </policyEntries>
- </policyMap>
- </destinationPolicy>
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-
- <transportConnectors>
- <transportConnector name="openwire" uri="tcp://192.168.1.148:61616" discoveryUri="multicast://default"/>
- <transportConnector name="ssl" uri="ssl://192.168.1.148:61617"/>
- <transportConnector name="stomp" uri="stomp://192.168.1.148:61613"/>
- <transportConnector name="xmpp" uri="xmpp://192.168.1.148:61222"/>
- </transportConnectors>
-
-
- <persistenceAdapter>
- <amqPersistenceAdapter directory="${activemq.base}/data"/>
- </persistenceAdapter>
- </broker>
-
-
- <commandAgent xmlns="http://activemq.org/config/1.0"/>
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- <jetty xmlns="http://mortbay.com/schemas/jetty/1.0">
- <connectors>
- <nioConnector port="8161" />
- </connectors>
-
- <handlers>
- <webAppContext contextPath="/admin" resourceBase="${activemq.base}/webapps/admin" logUrlOnStart="true" />
- <webAppContext contextPath="/demo" resourceBase="${activemq.base}/webapps/demo" logUrlOnStart="true" />
- </handlers>
- </jetty>
- </beans>
<beans
xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:amq="http://activemq.org/config/1.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd
http://activemq.org/config/1.0 http://activemq.apache.org/schema/activemq-core.xsd
http://activemq.apache.org/camel/schema/spring>
<!-- persistent="true"表示要持久化存储消息,和子元素persistenceAdapter结合使用 -->
<!-- dataDirectory默认的存储持久化数据的目录 -->
<!-- brokerName 设置broker的name,在注意在网络上必须是唯一的-->
<!-- 更多参考http://activemq.apache.org/xbean-xml-reference-50.html#XBeanXMLReference5.0-brokerelement -->
<broker xmlns="http://activemq.org/config/1.0" brokerName="192.168.1.148" persistent ="true" dataDirectory="${activemq.base}/data" useShutdownHook="false">
<!-- Destination specific policies using destination names or wildcards -->
<!-- wildcards意义见http://activemq.apache.org/wildcards.html -->
<destinationPolicy>
<policyMap>
<policyEntries>
<!-- 这里使用了wildcards,表示所有以EUCITA开头的topic -->
<policyEntry topic="EUCITA.>" producerFlowControl="false" memoryLimit="10mb">
<!-- 分发策略 -->
<dispatchPolicy>
<!-- 按顺序分发 -->
<strictOrderDispatchPolicy/>
</dispatchPolicy>
<!-- 恢复策略-->
<subscriptionRecoveryPolicy>
<!-- 只恢复最后一个message -->
<lastImageSubscriptionRecoveryPolicy/>
</subscriptionRecoveryPolicy>
</policyEntry>
</policyEntries>
</policyMap>
</destinationPolicy>
<!-- The transport connectors ActiveMQ will listen to -->
<transportConnectors>
<transportConnector name="openwire" uri="tcp://192.168.1.148:61616" discoveryUri="multicast://default"/>
<transportConnector name="ssl" uri="ssl://192.168.1.148:61617"/>
<transportConnector name="stomp" uri="stomp://192.168.1.148:61613"/>
<transportConnector name="xmpp" uri="xmpp://192.168.1.148:61222"/>
</transportConnectors>
<!-- 消息持久化方式 -->
<persistenceAdapter>
<amqPersistenceAdapter directory="${activemq.base}/data"/>
</persistenceAdapter>
</broker>
<!-- lets create a command agent to respond to message based admin commands on the ActiveMQ.Agent topic -->
<commandAgent xmlns="http://activemq.org/config/1.0"/>
<!-- An embedded servlet engine for serving up the Admin console -->
<jetty xmlns="http://mortbay.com/schemas/jetty/1.0">
<connectors>
<nioConnector port="8161" />
</connectors>
<handlers>
<webAppContext contextPath="/admin" resourceBase="${activemq.base}/webapps/admin" logUrlOnStart="true" />
<webAppContext contextPath="/demo" resourceBase="${activemq.base}/webapps/demo" logUrlOnStart="true" />
</handlers>
</jetty>
</beans>
注释
关于XML配置中元素的具体信息可以参考http://activemq.apache.org/xbean-xml-reference-50.html 下面介绍本篇配置使用的一些重要元素。
DispathPolicy
ActiveMQ支持3中不同的分发策略(避免翻译了以后误解,这里用原文):
- <roundRobinDispatchPolicy>:Simple dispatch policy that sends a message to every subscription that matches the message.
- <simpleDispatchPolicy>:Simple dispatch policy that sends a message to every subscription that matches the message.
- <strictOrderDispatchPolicy>:Dispatch policy that causes every subscription to see messages in the same order.
SubscriptionRecoveryPolicy
ActiveMQ支持6种恢复策略,可以自行选择使用不同的策略
- <fixedCountSubscriptionRecoveryPolicy>: keep a fixed count of last messages.
- <fixedSizedSubscriptionRecoveryPolicy>: keep a fixed amount of memory available in RAM for message history which is evicted in time order.
- <lastImageSubscriptionRecoveryPolicy>:only keep the last message.
- <noSubscriptionRecoveryPolicy>:disable recovery of messages.
- <queryBasedSubscriptionRecoveryPolicy>:perform a user specific query mechanism to load any messages they may have missed.
- <timedSubscriptionRecoveryPolicy>:keep a timed buffer of messages around in memory and use that to recover new subscriptions.
PersistenceAdapter
http://activemq.apache.org/persistence 讲解了关于persistence的信息。ActiveMQ5.0使用AMQ Message Store 持久化消息,这种方式提供了很好的性能(The AMQ Message Store is an embeddable transactional message storage solution that is extremely fast and reliable.) 默认使用该存储方式即可,如果想使用JDBC来存储,可以查找文档配置。
Summary
本篇文章只提供了基本配置信息。如果需要更多的文章,可以查看ActiveMQ的文档。
讲了安装和简单的配置,下一篇将介绍和Sping的整合,以及多个queue,多个topic,多个producer,多个consumer的配置,使用。