处理流程:
- 假设有一份要传输的文档
- 使用某一指定算法将此文档内容进行计算,得出一字符串,称为“摘要”
- 使用私钥将此摘要进行加密,得出一字符串,称为“签名”
- 将私钥对应的公钥、摘要和签名一同发给对方
- 对方用公钥对签名进行解密,得出一字符串,与摘要对比,看是否符合,如符合,则证明对方身份确认
- 使用同一算法再次对文档进行计算,得出一字符串,和摘要对比,看是否符合,如符合则证明此文档没有被改过
- 经过5和6的双重验证后,则可以确认发文方的身份和此文档在传输过程中没有被改过,可以使
发送的文档
<Envelope xmlns="urn:envelope">
<Item number="130046593231">
<Description>Video Game</Description>
<Price>10.29</Price>
</Item>
<Buyer id="8492340">
<Name>My Name</Name>
<Address>
<Street>One Network Drive</Street>
<Town>Burlington</Town>
<State>MA</State>
<Country>United States</Country>
<PostalCode>01803</PostalCode>
</Address>
</Buyer>
</Envelope>
添加签名的程序
/**
* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
* or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
* distributed with this work for additional information
* regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
* to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
* "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
* with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
* software distributed under the License is distributed on an
* "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
* KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the
* specific language governing permissions and limitations
* under the License.
*/
package javax.xml.crypto.dsig.samples;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.security.KeyPair;
import java.security.KeyPairGenerator;
import java.security.Provider;
import java.util.Collections;
import javax.xml.crypto.dsig.CanonicalizationMethod;
import javax.xml.crypto.dsig.DigestMethod;
import javax.xml.crypto.dsig.Reference;
import javax.xml.crypto.dsig.SignatureMethod;
import javax.xml.crypto.dsig.SignedInfo;
import javax.xml.crypto.dsig.Transform;
import javax.xml.crypto.dsig.XMLSignature;
import javax.xml.crypto.dsig.XMLSignatureFactory;
import javax.xml.crypto.dsig.dom.DOMSignContext;
import javax.xml.crypto.dsig.keyinfo.KeyInfo;
import javax.xml.crypto.dsig.keyinfo.KeyInfoFactory;
import javax.xml.crypto.dsig.keyinfo.KeyValue;
import javax.xml.crypto.dsig.spec.C14NMethodParameterSpec;
import javax.xml.crypto.dsig.spec.TransformParameterSpec;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
import javax.xml.transform.Transformer;
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactory;
import javax.xml.transform.dom.DOMSource;
import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamResult;
import org.w3c.dom.Document;
/**
* This is a simple example of generating an Enveloped XML
* Signature using the JSR 105 API. The resulting signature will look
* like (key and signature values will be different):
*
* <pre><code>
*<Envelope xmlns="urn:envelope">
* <Signature xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#">
* <SignedInfo>
* <CanonicalizationMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/TR/2001/REC-xml-c14n
-20010315"/>
* <SignatureMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#dsa-sha1"/>
* <Reference URI="">
* <Transforms>
* <Transform Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#enveloped-signature"/>
* </Transforms>
* <DigestMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha1"/>
* <DigestValue>K8M/lPbKnuMDsO0Uzuj75lQtzQI=<DigestValue>
* </Reference>
* </SignedInfo>
* <SignatureValue>
* DpEylhQoiUKBoKWmYfajXO7LZxiDYgVtUtCNyTgwZgoChzorA2nhkQ==
* </SignatureValue>
* <KeyInfo>
* <KeyValue>
* <DSAKeyValue>
* <P>
* rFto8uPQM6y34FLPmDh40BLJ1rVrC8VeRquuhPZ6jYNFkQuwxnu/wCvIAMhukPBL
* FET8bJf/b2ef+oqxZajEb+88zlZoyG8g/wMfDBHTxz+CnowLahnCCTYBp5kt7G8q
* UobJuvjylwj1st7V9Lsu03iXMXtbiriUjFa5gURasN8=
* </P>
* <Q>
* kEjAFpCe4lcUOdwphpzf+tBaUds=
* </Q>
* <G>
* oe14R2OtyKx+s+60O5BRNMOYpIg2TU/f15N3bsDErKOWtKXeNK9FS7dWStreDxo2
* SSgOonqAd4FuJ/4uva7GgNL4ULIqY7E+mW5iwJ7n/WTELh98mEocsLXkNh24HcH4
* BZfSCTruuzmCyjdV1KSqX/Eux04HfCWYmdxN3SQ/qqw=
* </G>
* <Y>
* pA5NnZvcd574WRXuOA7ZfC/7Lqt4cB0MRLWtHubtJoVOao9ib5ry4rTk0r6ddnOv
* AIGKktutzK3ymvKleS3DOrwZQgJ+/BDWDW8kO9R66o6rdjiSobBi/0c2V1+dkqOg
* jFmKz395mvCOZGhC7fqAVhHat2EjGPMfgSZyABa7+1k=
* </Y>
* </DSAKeyValue>
* </KeyValue>
* </KeyInfo>
* </Signature>
*</Envelope>
* </code></pre>
*/
public class GenEnveloped {
//
// Synopsis: java GenEnveloped [document] [output]
//
// where "document" is the name of a file containing the XML document
// to be signed, and "output" is the name of the file to store the
// signed document. The 2nd argument is optional - if not specified,
// standard output will be used.
//
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
// Create a DOM XMLSignatureFactory that will be used to generate the
// enveloped signature
String providerName = System.getProperty
("jsr105Provider", "org.apache.jcp.xml.dsig.internal.dom.XMLDSigRI");
XMLSignatureFactory fac = XMLSignatureFactory.getInstance("DOM",
(Provider) Class.forName(providerName).newInstance());
// Create a Reference to the enveloped document (in this case we are
// signing the whole document, so a URI of "" signifies that) and
// also specify the SHA1 digest algorithm and the ENVELOPED Transform.
Reference ref = fac.newReference
("", fac.newDigestMethod(DigestMethod.SHA1, null),
Collections.singletonList
(fac.newTransform
(Transform.ENVELOPED, (TransformParameterSpec) null)),
null, null);
// Create the SignedInfo
SignedInfo si = fac.newSignedInfo
(fac.newCanonicalizationMethod
(CanonicalizationMethod.INCLUSIVE_WITH_COMMENTS,
(C14NMethodParameterSpec) null),
fac.newSignatureMethod(SignatureMethod.RSA_SHA1, null),
Collections.singletonList(ref));
// Create a DSA KeyPair
KeyPairGenerator kpg = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance("RSA");
kpg.initialize(512);
KeyPair kp = kpg.generateKeyPair();
// Create a KeyValue containing the DSA PublicKey that was generated
KeyInfoFactory kif = fac.getKeyInfoFactory();
KeyValue kv = kif.newKeyValue(kp.getPublic());
// Create a KeyInfo and add the KeyValue to it
KeyInfo ki = kif.newKeyInfo(Collections.singletonList(kv));
// Instantiate the document to be signed
DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
dbf.setNamespaceAware(true);
//////////////////////////
String xmlPath = "E:/PAUL/WORK/WORDSPACES/WORKSPACE2/xmlsecurity/src/main/java/javax/xml/crypto/dsig/samples/envelope.xml";
Document doc =
dbf.newDocumentBuilder().parse(new FileInputStream(xmlPath));
// Create a DOMSignContext and specify the DSA PrivateKey and
// location of the resulting XMLSignature's parent element
DOMSignContext dsc = new DOMSignContext
(kp.getPrivate(), doc.getDocumentElement());
// Create the XMLSignature (but don't sign it yet)
XMLSignature signature = fac.newXMLSignature(si, ki);
// Marshal, generate (and sign) the enveloped signature
signature.sign(dsc);
// output the resulting document
OutputStream os;
if (args.length > 1) {
os = new FileOutputStream(args[1]);
} else {
os = System.out;
}
TransformerFactory tf = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
Transformer trans = tf.newTransformer();
trans.transform(new DOMSource(doc), new StreamResult(os));
}
}
添加签名后的文档,签名部份XML的大括号间不能有空格或换行符,否则验证不通过
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?><Envelope xmlns="urn:envelope">
<Item number="130046593231">
<Description>Video Game</Description>
<Price>10.29</Price>
</Item>
<Buyer id="8492340">
<Name>My Name</Name>
<Address>
<Street>One Network Drive</Street>
<Town>Burlington</Town>
<State>MA</State>
<Country>United States</Country>
<PostalCode>01803</PostalCode>
</Address>
</Buyer>
<Signature xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#"><SignedInfo><CanonicalizationMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/TR/2001/REC-xml-c14n-20010315#WithComments"/><SignatureMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#rsa-sha1"/><Reference URI=""><Transforms><Transform Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#enveloped-signature"/></Transforms><DigestMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha1"/><DigestValue>fc8XkDVq9QKriU7AozXV6v2Prx8=</DigestValue></Reference></SignedInfo><SignatureValue>HUXMONQ6S9e+32KEoRMOWi/PiYqfii3LZ9lFKjZxDvYDuVJC1QAAkVFwRPH4jF7/Dnhi6h6t5+mZ
QLbFotZa9w==</SignatureValue><KeyInfo><KeyValue><RSAKeyValue><Modulus>r46mE0A/S1MWifppSCg3e1nwk6PiRJu2UC9eX8egFLU/iyNXlungrt1rbMMYpgrcd9M4pK0CZ4I0
SVXvQrbukQ==</Modulus><Exponent>AQAB</Exponent></RSAKeyValue></KeyValue></KeyInfo></Signature></Envelope>
验证程序
/**
* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
* or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
* distributed with this work for additional information
* regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
* to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
* "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
* with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
* software distributed under the License is distributed on an
* "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
* KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the
* specific language governing permissions and limitations
* under the License.
*/
package javax.xml.crypto.dsig.samples;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.security.Key;
import java.security.KeyException;
import java.security.PublicKey;
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import javax.xml.crypto.AlgorithmMethod;
import javax.xml.crypto.KeySelector;
import javax.xml.crypto.KeySelectorException;
import javax.xml.crypto.KeySelectorResult;
import javax.xml.crypto.XMLCryptoContext;
import javax.xml.crypto.XMLStructure;
import javax.xml.crypto.dsig.Reference;
import javax.xml.crypto.dsig.SignatureMethod;
import javax.xml.crypto.dsig.XMLSignature;
import javax.xml.crypto.dsig.XMLSignatureFactory;
import javax.xml.crypto.dsig.dom.DOMValidateContext;
import javax.xml.crypto.dsig.keyinfo.KeyInfo;
import javax.xml.crypto.dsig.keyinfo.KeyValue;
import javax.xml.crypto.dsig.keyinfo.X509Data;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;
/**
* This is a simple example of validating an XML
* Signature using the JSR 105 API. It assumes the key needed to
* validate the signature is contained in a KeyValue KeyInfo.
*/
public class ApacheValidate {
//
// Synopsis: java Validate [document]
//
// where "document" is the name of a file containing the XML document
// to be validated.
//
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
// Instantiate the document to be validated
DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
dbf.setNamespaceAware(true);
String filePath = "E:/PAUL/WORK/WORDSPACES/WORKSPACE2/xmlsecurity/src/main/java/javax/xml/crypto/dsig/samples/envelopedSignature.xml";
String bigXml = "E:/PAUL/WORK/WORDSPACES/WORKSPACE2/ucp/data/201301_CM_big.xml";
Document doc =
dbf.newDocumentBuilder().parse(new FileInputStream(bigXml));
// Find Signature element
NodeList nl =
doc.getElementsByTagNameNS(XMLSignature.XMLNS, "Signature");
if (nl.getLength() == 0) {
throw new Exception("Cannot find Signature element");
}
// Create a DOM XMLSignatureFactory that will be used to unmarshal the
// document containing the XMLSignature
/*String providerName = System.getProperty
("jsr105Provider", "org.apache.jcp.xml.dsig.internal.dom.XMLDSigRI");
XMLSignatureFactory fac = XMLSignatureFactory.getInstance("DOM",
(Provider) Class.forName(providerName).newInstance());*/
XMLSignatureFactory fac = XMLSignatureFactory.getInstance("DOM");
// Create a DOMValidateContext and specify a KeyValue KeySelector
// and document context
DOMValidateContext valContext = new DOMValidateContext
(new KeyValueKeySelector(), nl.item(0));
// unmarshal the XMLSignature
XMLSignature signature = fac.unmarshalXMLSignature(valContext);
// Validate the XMLSignature (generated above)
boolean coreValidity = signature.validate(valContext);
// Check core validation status
if (coreValidity == false) {
System.err.println("Signature failed core validation");
boolean sv = signature.getSignatureValue().validate(valContext);
System.out.println("signature validation status: " + sv);
// check the validation status of each Reference
Iterator i = signature.getSignedInfo().getReferences().iterator();
for (int j = 0; i.hasNext(); j++) {
boolean refValid =
((Reference) i.next()).validate(valContext);
System.out.println("ref[" + j + "] validity status: " + refValid);
}
} else {
System.out.println("Signature passed core validation");
}
}
/**
* KeySelector which retrieves the public key out of the
* KeyValue element and returns it.
* NOTE: If the key algorithm doesn't match signature algorithm,
* then the public key will be ignored.
*/
private static class KeyValueKeySelector extends KeySelector {
public KeySelectorResult select(KeyInfo keyInfo,
KeySelector.Purpose purpose,
AlgorithmMethod method,
XMLCryptoContext context)
throws KeySelectorException {
if (keyInfo == null) {
throw new KeySelectorException("Null KeyInfo object!");
}
SignatureMethod sm = (SignatureMethod) method;
List list = keyInfo.getContent();
//org.jcp.xml.dsig.internal.dom.DOMX509Data
PublicKey pk = null;
for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) {
XMLStructure xmlStructure = (XMLStructure) list.get(i);
if (xmlStructure instanceof KeyValue) {
try {
pk = ((KeyValue)xmlStructure).getPublicKey();
} catch (KeyException ke) {
throw new KeySelectorException(ke);
}
// make sure algorithm is compatible with method
if (algEquals(sm.getAlgorithm(), pk.getAlgorithm())) {
return new SimpleKeySelectorResult(pk);
}
}
else if(xmlStructure instanceof X509Data)
{
for (Object data : ((X509Data) xmlStructure).getContent()) {
if (data instanceof X509Certificate) {
pk = ((X509Certificate) data).getPublicKey();
return new SimpleKeySelectorResult(pk);
}
}
}
}
throw new KeySelectorException("No KeyValue element found!");
}
//@@@FIXME: this should also work for key types other than DSA/RSA
static boolean algEquals(String algURI, String algName) {
if (algName.equalsIgnoreCase("DSA") &&
algURI.equalsIgnoreCase(SignatureMethod.DSA_SHA1)) {
return true;
} else if (algName.equalsIgnoreCase("RSA") &&
algURI.equalsIgnoreCase(SignatureMethod.RSA_SHA1)) {
return true;
} else if (algName.equalsIgnoreCase("EC") &&
algURI.equalsIgnoreCase("http://www.w3.org/2001/04/xmldsig-more#ecdsa-sha256")) {
return true;
} else {
return false;
}
}
}
private static class SimpleKeySelectorResult implements KeySelectorResult {
private PublicKey pk;
SimpleKeySelectorResult(PublicKey pk) {
this.pk = pk;
}
public Key getKey() { return pk; }
}
}
参考:
http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/articles/javase/dig-signature-api-140772.html