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环境:
XFire-1.2.6
JDK1.5
MyEclipse 6.5
Tomcat-5.5.27
Windows XP Professional简体中文版
软件下载地址:
http://repository.codehaus.org/org/codehaus/xfire/xfire-distribution/1.2.6/xfire-distribution-1.2.6.zip
http://apache.mirror.phpchina.com/tomcat/tomcat-5/v5.5.27/bin/apache-tomcat-5.5.27.zip 
有关WebService的概念、原理、数据发现、描述、绑定等过程、方式也不说了。这里就只关注如何快速开发出来一个通用的、易懂的Hello World例子。 
以下是开发步骤: 
1、创建工程
打开MyEclipse 6.5,新建一个WebService工程。如下图
然后一路next,直到完成。创建完成后,打开生成的web.xml文件,可以看到,XFire已经配置好了。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" version="2.5" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee     [url]http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd[/url]">
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>XFireServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.codehaus.xfire.transport.http.XFireConfigurableServlet</servlet-class>
        <load-on-startup>0</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>XFireServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/services/*</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
    <welcome-file-list>
        <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
    </welcome-file-list>
</web-app>
2、创建WebService服务
创建两个个包“wstest.server”和“wstest.client”,用来保存服务端和客户端程序。然后开始创建服务端程序,如下图
 
 
 
完成后,生成了一个Service的配置services.xml:
 
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://xfire.codehaus.org/config/1.0">

  <service>
    <name>MyService</name>
    <serviceClass>wstest.server.IMyService</serviceClass>
    <implementationClass>
      wstest.server.MyServiceImpl
    </implementationClass>
    <style>wrapped</style>
    <use>literal</use>
    <scope>application</scope>
  </service>
</beans>
 
也生成了接口和默认实现,改写后如下:
package wstest.server;
//Generated by MyEclipse

public interface IMyService {
    
  public String sayHello(String user);
    
}
 
package wstest.server;
//Generated by MyEclipse

public class MyServiceImpl implements IMyService {
    
  public String sayHello(String user) {
    return "您好,"+user;
  }
    
}
 
至此,服务端代码已经完成。
 
3、测试服务端代码
 
测试依赖与Servlet容器Tomcat,需要将做好的服务端打包部署到tomcat上,然后启动。才可以进行测试。假设你已经配置了Tomcat服务器,并完成了WebService服务端的部署。那么,现在就启动Tomcat,然后:
 
 
 
输入访问地址:[url]http://localhost:8080/xfire126Demo/services/MyService?wsdl[/url]  ,然后go一把!
 
 
 
这样,出现上上面的结果,表明测试成功了。
4、生成客户端代码
 很郁闷,这个生成的客户端代码一部分跑到服务端的包里面了。真是垃圾,rubbish!!! 
但是,这就是MyEclipse的功能,我改变不了。 
5、客户端测试
 下面就耐心看怎么用这个客户端代码。打开生成的代码如下:

package wstest.client;

import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.HashMap;
import javax.xml.namespace.QName;
import org.codehaus.xfire.XFireRuntimeException;
import org.codehaus.xfire.aegis.AegisBindingProvider;
import org.codehaus.xfire.annotations.AnnotationServiceFactory;
import org.codehaus.xfire.annotations.jsr181.Jsr181WebAnnotations;
import org.codehaus.xfire.client.XFireProxyFactory;
import org.codehaus.xfire.jaxb2.JaxbTypeRegistry;
import org.codehaus.xfire.service.Endpoint;
import org.codehaus.xfire.service.Service;
import org.codehaus.xfire.soap.AbstractSoapBinding;
import org.codehaus.xfire.transport.TransportManager;

public class MyServiceClient {

        private static XFireProxyFactory proxyFactory = new XFireProxyFactory();
        private HashMap endpoints = new HashMap();
        private Service service0;

        public MyServiceClient() {
                create0();
                Endpoint MyServicePortTypeLocalEndpointEP = service0 .addEndpoint(new QName("http://server.wstest", "MyServicePortTypeLocalEndpoint"), new QName("http://server.wstest", "MyServicePortTypeLocalBinding"), "xfire.local://MyService");
                endpoints.put(new QName("http://server.wstest", "MyServicePortTypeLocalEndpoint"), MyServicePortTypeLocalEndpointEP);
                Endpoint MyServiceHttpPortEP = service0 .addEndpoint(new QName("http://server.wstest", "MyServiceHttpPort"), new QName("http://server.wstest", "MyServiceHttpBinding"), "http://localhost:8080/xfire126Demo/services/MyService");
                endpoints.put(new QName("http://server.wstest", "MyServiceHttpPort"), MyServiceHttpPortEP);
        }

        public Object getEndpoint(Endpoint endpoint) {
                try {
                        return proxyFactory.create((endpoint).getBinding(), (endpoint).getUrl());
                } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
                        throw new XFireRuntimeException("Invalid URL", e);
                }
        }

        public Object getEndpoint(QName name) {
                Endpoint endpoint = ((Endpoint) endpoints.get((name)));
                if ((endpoint) == null) {
                        throw new IllegalStateException("No such endpoint!");
                }
                return getEndpoint((endpoint));
        }

        public Collection getEndpoints() {
                return endpoints.values();
        }

        private void create0() {
                TransportManager tm = (org.codehaus.xfire.XFireFactory.newInstance().getXFire().getTransportManager());
                HashMap props = new HashMap();
                props.put("annotations.allow.interface", true);
                AnnotationServiceFactory asf = new AnnotationServiceFactory(new Jsr181WebAnnotations(), tm, new AegisBindingProvider(new JaxbTypeRegistry()));
                asf.setBindingCreationEnabled(false);
                service0 = asf.create((wstest.client.MyServicePortType.class), props);
                {
                        AbstractSoapBinding soapBinding = asf.createSoap11Binding(service0, new QName("http://server.wstest", "MyServiceHttpBinding"), "http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http");
                }
                {
                        AbstractSoapBinding soapBinding = asf.createSoap11Binding(service0, new QName("http://server.wstest", "MyServicePortTypeLocalBinding"), "urn:xfire:transport:local");
                }
        }

        public MyServicePortType getMyServicePortTypeLocalEndpoint() {
                return ((MyServicePortType)(this).getEndpoint(new QName("http://server.wstest", "MyServicePortTypeLocalEndpoint")));
        }

        public MyServicePortType getMyServicePortTypeLocalEndpoint(String url) {
                MyServicePortType var = getMyServicePortTypeLocalEndpoint();
                org.codehaus.xfire.client.Client.getInstance(var).setUrl(url);
                return var;
        }

        public MyServicePortType getMyServiceHttpPort() {
                return ((MyServicePortType)(this).getEndpoint(new QName("http://server.wstest", "MyServiceHttpPort")));
        }

        public MyServicePortType getMyServiceHttpPort(String url) {
                MyServicePortType var = getMyServiceHttpPort();
                org.codehaus.xfire.client.Client.getInstance(var).setUrl(url);
                return var;
        }

        public static void main(String[] args) {
                

                MyServiceClient client = new MyServiceClient();
                
    //create a default service endpoint
                MyServicePortType service = client.getMyServiceHttpPort();
                
    //TODO: Add custom client code here
                    //
                    //service.yourServiceOperationHere();
                
    System.out.println("test client completed");
                    System.exit(0);
        }

}

看得很晕,不知道啥意思,但是从“TODO”标记处,我知道了:
    //TODO: Add custom client code here
                    //
                    //service.yourServiceOperationHere();
现在就在这里添加测试代码吧:
    //TODO: Add custom client code here
                    //
                    //service.yourServiceOperationHere();
                String helloString = service.sayHello("熔岩");
                System.out.println(helloString);
添加了很傻蛋的两行代码后,就可以运行起来看看测试代码了。运行结果如下:
您好,熔岩
test client completed
终于可以松一口气了。完整的例子跑起来了。
6、总结
总感觉这个开发过程不爽,其实有更好的工具和开发方式:WebService的编写,比较麻烦的是客户端代码,客户端代码依靠人工去写基本上是不可能的,除非你愿意付出惊人的时间和精力,既便如此也得不偿失。MyEclipse的客户端开发太差,主要是生成的客户端代码混乱,解决办法是将客户端的编写放到单独一个工程里面来做。其实,只要服务端编写好了,就完全可以用别的方式根据wsdl的url去生成客户端代码,在这里不得不将一个强大的工具IDEA8推荐出来,IDEA8自带WebService开发工具,插件非常强大,易用。在后面的篇幅中,我会做专门介绍,敬请关注。当然,MyEclipse也并非一无是处,MyEclipse的服务端调试工具就很不错,很喜欢。提高了开发效率,这也是MyEclipse的过人之处。最后,告诫各位,即使WebService支持复杂对象参数,也不建议使用,因为数据绑定还不是那么完美,总有些缺憾,为了保险起见,还是建议使用String作为参数最好了。
posted on 2010-03-05 11:39 小虫旺福 阅读(2708) 评论(0)  编辑  收藏 所属分类: javaEE

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