Web层．
创建Struts Action，为了在一个action中实现CRUD操作，Action继承了DispatchAction根据参数决定调用方法。在src/com.jandar.web.struts.action下创建UserAction.java
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForward;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionMapping;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionMessage;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionMessages;
import org.apache.struts.action.DynaActionForm;
import org.apache.struts.actions.DispatchAction;
import com.jandar.model.User;
import com.jandar.service.spring.UserManager;
public class UserAction extends DispatchAction {
private static Log log = LogFactory.getLog(UserAction.class);
private UserManager mgr = null;
public void setUserManager(UserManager userManager) {
this.mgr = userManager;
}
public ActionForward delete(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,
HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response)
throws Exception {
if (log.isDebugEnabled()) {
log.debug("entering ''delete'' method...");
}
mgr.removeUser(request.getParameter("user.id"));
ActionMessages messages = new ActionMessages();
messages.add(ActionMessages.GLOBAL_MESSAGE,
new ActionMessage("user.deleted"));
saveMessages(request, messages);
return list(mapping, form, request, response);
}
public ActionForward edit(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,
HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response)
throws Exception {
if (log.isDebugEnabled()) {
log.debug("entering ''edit'' method...");
}
DynaActionForm userForm = (DynaActionForm) form;
String userId = request.getParameter("id");
// null userId indicates an add
if (userId != null) {
User user = mgr.getUser(userId);
if (user == null) {
ActionErrors errors = new ActionMessages();
errors.add(ActionMessages.GLOBAL_MESSAGE,
new ActionMessage("user.missing"));
saveErrors(request, errors);
return mapping.findForward("list");
}
userForm.set("user", user);
}
return mapping.findForward("edit");
}
public ActionForward list(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,
HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response)
throws Exception {
if (log.isDebugEnabled()) {
log.debug("entering ''list'' method...");
}
request.setAttribute("users", mgr.getUsers());
return mapping.findForward("list");
}
public ActionForward save(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,
HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response)
throws Exception {
if (log.isDebugEnabled()) {
log.debug("entering ''save'' method...");
}
// run validation rules on this form
ActionErrors errors = form.validate(mapping, request);
if (!errors.isEmpty()) {
saveErrors(request, errors);
return mapping.findForward("edit");
}
DynaActionForm userForm = (DynaActionForm) form;
mgr.saveUser((User)userForm.get("user"));
ActionMessages messages = new ActionMessages();
messages.add(ActionMessages.GLOBAL_MESSAGE,
new ActionMessage("user.saved"));
saveMessages(request, messages);
return list(mapping, form, request, response);
}
public ActionForward unspecified(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,
HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response)
throws Exception {
return list(mapping, form, request, response);
}
}
UserAction.java通过UserManger访问业务层，UserManager通过依赖注入
2． 创建struts ActionFrom
可以在src/com.jandar.web.struts.form下创建一个UserForm.java的struts ActionForm，我们也可以采用已建好的模型来配置form bean即采用动态form
org.apache.struts.validator.DynaValidatorForm 同时指定property 为
com.jandar.model.User详见struts-config.xml配置文件.
配置struts-config.xml
1． 配置struts-config.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts-config PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 1.2//EN"
"http://jakarta.apache.org/struts/dtds/struts-config_1_2.dtd">
<struts-config>
<!-- ======================================== Form Bean Definitions -->
<form-beans>
<form-bean
name="userForm" type="org.apache.struts.validator.DynaValidatorForm">
<form-property name="user" type="com.jandar.model.User"/>
</form-bean>
</form-beans>
<!-- =================================== Global Forward Definitions -->
<global-forwards>
</global-forwards>
<!-- =================================== Action Mapping Definitions -->
<action-mappings>
<action path="/user" type="com.jandar.web.struts.action.UserAction "
name="userForm" scope="request" parameter="method" validate="false">
<forward name="list" path="/userList.jsp"/>
<forward name="edit" path="/userForm.jsp"/>
</action>
</action-mappings>
<!-- ================================ Message Resources Definitions -->
<message-resources parameter="messages"/>
</struts-config>
2． 通过struts-config.xml把struts和spring结合起来
UserAction.java中的UserManager需要通过依赖注入，通过plug-in技术将spring加到struts中，在struts-config.xml中增加一下代码
<plug-in className="org.springframework.web.struts.ContextLoaderPlugIn">
<set-property property="contextConfigLocation"
value="/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml,
/WEB-INF/action-servlet.xml"/>
</plug-in>
让struts启动同时初始化spring，读取spring的配置文件applicationContext.xml,并且把struts的action也交给spring管理，把action配置到action-servlet.xml中
新建action-servlet.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN"
"http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd">
<beans>
<bean name="/user" class="com.jandar.web.struts.action.UserAction" singleton="false">
<property name="userManager"><ref bean="userManager"/></property>
</bean>
</beans>
同时将action映射到org.springframework.web.struts.DelegatingActionProxy即修改
<action path="/user" type="org.springframework.web.struts.DelegatingActionProxy"
name="userForm" scope="request" parameter="method" validate="false">
<forward name="list" path="/userList.jsp"/>
<forward name="edit" path="/userForm.jsp"/>
</action>
3． 新建web.xml配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2eehttp://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd" version="2.4">
<servlet>
<servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>config</param-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/struts-config.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>debug</param-name>
<param-value>3</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>detail</param-name>
<param-value>3</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>
4． 新建index.jsp,userList.jsp,userForm.jsp
index.jsp
<%@ page language="java"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://jakarta.apache.org/struts/tags-bean" prefix="bean" %>
<%@ taglib uri="http://jakarta.apache.org/struts/tags-html" prefix="html" %>
<%@ taglib uri="http://jakarta.apache.org/struts/tags-logic" prefix="logic" %>
<%@ taglib uri="http://jakarta.apache.org/struts/tags-tiles" prefix="tiles" %>
<%@ taglib uri="http://jakarta.apache.org/struts/tags-template" prefix="template" %>
<%@ taglib uri="http://jakarta.apache.org/struts/tags-nested" prefix="nested" %>
<html:html locale="true">
<head>
<html:base />
<title>index.jsp</title>
</head>
<body>
<html:link href="user.do?method=list">List all user</html:link>
</body>
</html:html>
userForm.jsp
<%@ page language="java"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://jakarta.apache.org/struts/tags-html" prefix="html" %>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html:html locale="true">
<head>
<html:base />
<title>userform.jsp</title>
</head>
<body>
<html:form action="user.do?method=save" method="post" focus="id">
<html:hidden property="user.id"/>
<table border="0">
<tr>
<td>id:</td>
<td><html:text property="user.firstname"/></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>lastname:</td>
<td><html:text property="user.lastname" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" align="center"><html:submit property="tijiao"/></td>
</tr>
</table>
</html:form>
</body>
</html:html>
userList.jsp
<%@ page language="java"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://jakarta.apache.org/struts/tags-bean" prefix="bean" %>
<%@ taglib uri="http://jakarta.apache.org/struts/tags-html" prefix="html" %>
<%@ taglib uri="http://jakarta.apache.org/struts/tags-logic" prefix="logic" %>
<%@ taglib uri="http://jakarta.apache.org/struts/tags-tiles" prefix="tiles" %>
<%@ taglib uri="http://jakarta.apache.org/struts/tags-template" prefix="template" %>
<%@ taglib uri="http://jakarta.apache.org/struts/tags-nested" prefix="nested" %>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jstl/core_rt" prefix="c" %>
<html:html locale="true">
<head>
<html:base />
<title>userList.jsp</title>
</head>
<body>
This a struts page. <br>
<table class="list">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>id</th>
<th>firstName</th>
<th>lastName</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<logic:iterate id="user" name="users">
<tr>
<td>
<a href="user.do?method=edit&id=<bean:write name="user" property="id"/>"><bean:write name="user" property="id"/></a>
</td>
<td><bean:write name="user" property="firstName"/></td>
<td><bean:write name="user" property="lastName"/></td></tr>
</logic:iterate>
</tbody>
</table>
</body>
</html:html>