基于Linux和Postfix的邮件系统的web mail安装手册

作者： 杨廷勇（scyzxp at toping.net）
来自： LinuxSir.Org
版权：杨廷勇 Copyright © 2004、2005、2006
摘要： 本文介绍使用 Linux + Postfix + Cyrus-sasl + Courier-imap + Tmail3.0 + spamassassin + Clamav + mailscanner ，来架构一个具有多域名，有邮件列表、webmail、防病毒、防垃圾邮件、web管理界面的邮件系统。

Jacky, $Revision: 4.51 bate $Date: 2006-3-9

系统主要采用 MailScanner + clamav + Spamassassin 来对病毒过滤和垃圾邮件过滤。

本文在CentOS、REDHATas上安装测试通过，病毒过滤放弃采用amavisd。主要采用执行效率更高的MailSanner来对邮件过滤和垃圾邮件过滤，配置更容易，并且降低了系统开消。让系统更加稳定，经过严格病毒邮件测试成功率达到了100%。垃圾邮件过滤基本上达到了95%的成功率。

更新日志

新增使用mailscanner来对进出邮件进行监管。new
修正上一个版本的一些理解性和文件性错误。
主要“加强”了病毒过滤和垃圾邮件过滤，更加节约系统资源，使系统配置更简单化。
垃圾邮件过滤基本上达到了95%的成功率
本文首次使用MailScanner+Clamav配合对邮件病毒进行过滤。
经过严格病毒邮件测试成功率达到了100%。
翻译了病毒邮件提示为中文提示，让系统更加的人性化。

+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
正文
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

0、演示地址：

http://mail.toping.net
用户名：demo@toping.net
密　码：demo

1.、安装系统

安装之前：因用户数据都保存在/var目录下，因此安装系统时/var的空间应尽量大。系统的版本为最小化安装，软件包只安装只装开发包 (development)。在文档中假设服务器的ip地址为192.168.0.2，域名为test.com，主机名为mail.test.com。所需的软件包我都打包好了。

下载地址： http://www.toping.net/soft/src.tar.gz

请兄弟们仔细一些，注意空格和TAB。

祝兄弟们好运。本人水平有限。如果发现文章中有什么错误和不当的地方请发邮件：scyz at toping.net。我会在第一时间给予答复。

2.关闭selinux

[root@mail]# vi /etc/selinux/config

SELINUX=disable

[root@mail]# reboot

3、设置YUM

[root@mail yum.repos.d] vi CentOS-Base.repo

[base] name=CentOS-4.2 - Base baseurl=http://mirror.be10.com/centos/4.2/os/$basearch/ gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=http://mirror.be10.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos4  #released updates [update] name=CentOS-4.2 - Updates baseurl=http://mirror.be10.com/centos/4.2/updates/$basearch/ gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=http://mirror.be10.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos4  #packages used/produced in the build but not released [addons] name=CentOS-4.2 - Addons baseurl=http://mirror.be10.com/centos/4.2/addons/$basearch/ gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=http://mirror.be10.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos4  #additional packages that may be useful [extras] name=CentOS-4.2 - Extras baseurl=http://mirror.be10.com/centos/4.2/extras/$basearch/ gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=http://mirror.be10.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos4  #additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages [centosplus] name=CentOS-4.2 - Plus baseurl=http://mirror.be10.com/centos/4.2/centosplus/$basearch/ gpgcheck=1 enabled=0 gpgkey=http://mirror.be10.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos4  #contrib - packages by Centos Users [contrib] name=CentOS-4.2 - Contrib baseurl=http://mirror.be10.com/centos/4.2/contrib/$basearch/ gpgcheck=1 enabled=0 gpgkey=http://mirror.be10.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos4  #packages in testing [testing] name=CentOS-4.2 - Testing baseurl=http://mirror.be10.com/centos/4.2/testing/$basearch/ gpgcheck=1 enabled=0 gpgkey=http://mirror.be10.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos4  [root@mail yum.repos.d]# vi dag.repo [dag] name=Dag RPM Repository for Red Hat Enterprise Linux baseurl=http://apt.sw.be/redhat/el$releasever/en/$basearch/dag gpgcheck=1 enabled=1

[root@mail yum.repos.d]# yum update

4、安装mysql

[root@mail build]#yum install mysql-server
[root@mail build]#yum install mysql-devel

5、安装apache

[root@mail build]#yum install httpd

6.安装php

[root@mail build]#yum install php
[root@mail build]#yum install php-mysql
[root@mail build]#yum install php-gd
[root@mail build]#yum install php-imap

[root@mail build]#yum install vsftpd
[root@mail build]#yum install clamav
[root@mail build]#yum install spamassassin
[root@mail build]#/usr/bin/freshclam

设置apache

默认：
User apache
改为
User postfix

默认
Group apache
改为
Group postfix

默认
AddDefaultCharset UTF-8
改为
AddDefaultCharset gb2312

新加入：

AddType application/x-httpd-php .php
AddType application/x-httpd-php-source .phps

7、安装phpMyAdmin

[root@mail build]#tar –zxf ../src/phpMyAdmin-2.8.0.1.tar.gz
[root@mail build]#mv phpMyAdmin-2.8.0.1 /var/www/html/dbadmin/
[root@mail build]#cp /var/www/html/dbadmin/libraries/config.default.php /var/www/html/dbadmin/dbadmin/libraries/config.inc.php (line 1.)

8、设置数据库

[root@mail build]#mysql
Mysql> create datases postfix;
Mysql> use mysql;
Mysql> INSERT INTO user (host,user,password) VALUES('localhost','postfix','');
Mysql> update user set password=password('postfix') where User='postfix';
Mysql> GRANT ALL ON postfix.* TO postfix@localhost IDENTIFIED BY "postfix";
Mysql> exit
[root@mail build] tar –zxf ../src/webmail.tar.gz
[root@mail build] mysql –u root –p postfix < Tmail.sql

9、增加postfix的用户和组

[root@mail build] groupadd -g 12345 postfix
[root@mail build] useradd -u 12345 -g 12345 -c postfix -d/dev/null -s/sbin/nologin postfix
[root@mail build] groupadd -g 54321 postdrop

10、安装postfix

[root@mail build] tar –zxf ../src/postfix-2.2.8.tar.gz
[root@mail build] cd postfix-2.2.8
[root@mail build] patch -p1 < ../../src/postfix-2.2.8-vda.patch
[root@mail build] make -f Makefile.init makefiles \
'CCARGS=-DUSE_SASL_AUTH -DHAS_MYSQL -I/usr/include/mysql -I/usr/include/sasl' \
'AUXLIBS=-L/usr/lib/mysql -L/usr/lib/sasl2 -lmysqlclient -lsasl2 -lz -lm'
[root@mail build] make
[root@mail build] make install

执行make install这里会出现很多问题，但postfix已经为我们设置好了默认的答案，直接使用这些答案就可以使postfix正常工作了，所以我们只要直接按回车就可以了

11、安装Courier-authlib

[root@mail build] tar –jxf ../src/courier-authlib-0.58.tar.gz
[root@mail build] cd courier-authlib-0.58
[root@mail build] ./configure --prefix=/usr/lib/authlib --without-authpam \
--without-authcustom --without-authpgsql --without-authldap \
--without-authuserdb --without-authpwd --without-authshadow \
--without-authvchkpw --with-authmysql \
--with-authdaemonvar=/usr/lib/authlib/var \
--mandir=/usr/lib/man --without-stdheaderdir \
--sysconfdir=/usr/lib/authlib/etc \
--with-redhat

[root@mail build] make
[root@mail build] make install
[root@mail build] make install-migrate
[root@mail build] make install-configure

12、设置authlib的环境变量

[root@mail build] COURIERAUTHCONFIG=/usr/lib/authlib/bin/courierauthconfig
[root@mail build] export COURIERAUTHCONFIG

13、安装Courier-imap

[root@mail build] tar –jxf ../src/courier-imap-4.0.6.tar.gz
[root@mail build] cd courier-imap-4.0.6
[root@mail build] ./configure –prefix=/usr/lib/imapd \
--silent --without-authpgsql --without-ipv6 \
--with-redhat --with-authmysql \
--mandir=/usr/lib/man --disable-root-check
[root@mail build] make
[root@mail build] make install
[root@mail build] make install-configure

14、配置系统

[root@mail build] mv /etc/aliases /etc/aliases.bak
[root@mail build] ln -s /etc/postfix/aliases /etc/aliases
[root@mail build] echo 'root: postfix'>>/etc/postfix/aliases
[root@mail build] /usr/bin/newaliases
[root@mail build] mv /var/mail /var/mail.bak
[root@mail build] mkdir /var/mail
[root@mail build] chown -R postfix:postfix /var/mail
[root@mail build] mv /etc/postfix/main.cf /etc/postfix/main.cf.bak
[root@mail build] vi /etc/postfix/main.cf

command_directory = /usr/sbin
config_directory = /etc/postfix
daemon_directory = /usr/libexec/postfix
debug_peer_level = 2
html_directory = no
mail_owner = postfix
mailq_path = /usr/bin/mailq
manpage_directory = /usr/local/man
newaliases_path = /usr/bin/newaliases
queue_directory = /var/spool/postfix
readme_directory = no
sample_directory = /etc/postfix
sendmail_path = /usr/sbin/sendmail
setgid_group = postdrop
unknown_local_recipient_reject_code = 550
header_checks = regexp:/etc/postfix/header_checks
#############NEW ADD#####################
#=====================BASE=====================
myhostname = mail.test.com
mydomain = test.com
mydestination = $myhostname
local_recipient_maps =
local_transport = virtual
#=====================MySQL=====================
virtual_alias_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql/mysql_virtual_alias_maps.cf
virtual_gid_maps = static:54321
virtual_mailbox_base = /
virtual_mailbox_domains = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql/mysql_virtual_domains_maps.cf
virtual_mailbox_limit = 51200000
virtual_mailbox_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql/mysql_virtual_mailbox_maps.cf
virtual_minimum_uid = 125
virtual_transport = virtual
virtual_uid_maps = static:12345
#=====================Quota=====================
virtual_create_maildirsize = yes
virtual_mailbox_extended = yes
virtual_mailbox_limit_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql/mysql_virtual_mailbox_limit_maps.cf
virtual_mailbox_limit_override = yes
virtual_maildir_limit_message = Sorry, the user's maildir has overdrawn his diskspace quota, please try again later.
virtual_overquota_bounce = yes
#====================SASL=====================
smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes
smtpd_sasl_security_options = noanonymous
broken_sasl_auth_clients = yes
smtpd_delay_reject=yes
smtpd_recipient_restrictions = permit_mynetworks,permit_sasl_authenticated,permit_auth_destination,reject
smtpd_client_restrictions = permit_sasl_authenticated

[root@mail build] vi mysql_virtual_alias_maps.cf

user = postfix
password = postfix
hosts = localhost
dbname = postfix
query = SELECT alias FROM userinfo WHERE address='%s' AND active = 1

[root@mail build] vi mysql_virtual_domains_maps.cf

user = postfix
password = postfix
hosts = localhost
dbname = postfix
query = SELECT domain FROM domaininfo WHERE domain='%s'

[root@mail build] vi mysql_virtual_mailbox_limit_maps.cf

user = postfix
password = postfix
hosts = localhost
dbname = postfix
query = SELECT quota FROM userinfo WHERE address='%s'

[root@mail build] vi mysql_virtual_mailbox_maps.cf

user = postfix
password = postfix
hosts = localhost
dbname = postfix
query = SELECT maildir FROM userinfo WHERE address='%s' AND active = 1

15、配置sasl认证

[root@mail build] vi /usr/lib/sasl2/smtpd.conf

pwcheck_method: authdaemond
log_level: 3
mech_list: plain login
authdaemond_path:/usr/lib/authlib/var/socket

16、配置courier-imap

[root@mail build] mv /usr/lib/authlib/etc/authlib/authmysqlrc /usr/lib/authlib/etc/authlib/authmysqlrc.bak
[root@mail build] vi /usr/lib/authlib/etc/authlib/authmysqlrc

MYSQL_SERVER localhost
MYSQL_USERNAME postfix
MYSQL_PASSWORD postfix
MYSQL_PORT 0
MYSQL_OPT 0
MYSQL_DATABASE postfix
MYSQL_USER_TABLE userinfo
MYSQL_CRYPT_PWFIELD passwd
MYSQL_UID_FIELD '12345'
MYSQL_GID_FIELD '54321'
MYSQL_LOGIN_FIELD address
MYSQL_HOME_FIELD homedir
MYSQL_NAME_FIELD realname
MYSQL_MAILDIR_FIELD maildir
MYSQL_QUOTA_FIELD quota

[root@mail build] mv /usr/lib/authlib/etc/authlib/authdaemonrc /usr/lib/authlib/etc/authlib/authdaemonrc.bak
[root@mail build] vi /usr/lib/authlib/etc/authlib/authdaemonrc

authmodulelist="authmysql"
authmodulelistorig="authmysql"
version="authdaemond.mysql"
daemons=5
subsystem=mail
DEBUG_LOGIN=0
DEFAULTOPTIONS="wbnodsn=1"

[root@mail build] vi /usr/lib/imapd/etc/pop3d

默认
POP3DSTART=NO
改为
POP3DSTART=YES
[root@mail build] vi /usr/lib/imapd/etc/imapd
默认
IMAPDSTART=NO
改为
IMAPDSTART=YES
[root@mail build] chmod +x /usr/lib/authlib/var/

17、安装WebMail

[root@mail build] mv Tmail /var/www/html/webmail
[root@mail build] vi /var/www/html/webmail/config/config_inc.php

$CFG_BASEPATH = "/var/www/html/webmail/temp"; //临时目录
// Mysql
define(MYSQL_HOST, 'localhost'); //数据库主机名
define(MYSQL_USER, 'postfix'); //数据库用户名
define(MYSQL_PASS, 'postfix'); //数据库密码
define(MYSQL_DATA, 'postfix'); //数据库名称
$CFG_NETDISK_PATH = "/var/mail/netdisk"; //文件管理存储目录

[root@mail build] vi /var/www/html/webmail/webadmin/include/config.inc.php

// Mysql
define(MYSQL_HOST, 'localhost'); //数据库主机名
define(MYSQL_USER, 'postfix'); //数据库用户名
define(MYSQL_PASS, 'postfix'); //数据库密码
define(MYSQL_DATA, 'postfix'); //数据库名称

[root@mail build] mkdir /var/mail/netdisk
[root@mail build] chown –R postfix:postfix /var/mail/netdisk
[root@mail build] mkdir /var/www/html/webmail/temp
[root@mail build] chown –R postfix:postfix /var/www/html/webmail/temp

[root@mail build] cp courier-authlib-0.58/courier-authlib.sysvinit /etc/rc.d/init.d/courier-authlib
[root@mail build] chmod 755 /etc/rc.d/init.d/courier-authlib
[root@mail build] chkconfig –-add courier-authlib
[root@mail build] cp courier-imap-4.0.6/courier-imap.sysvinit /etc/rc.d/init.d/courier-imap
[root@mail build] chmod 755 /etc/rc.d/init.d/courier-imap
[root@mail build] chkconfig –-add courier-imap

18、启动服务测试

[root@mail build] chkconfig httpd on
[root@mail build] chkconfig mysqld on
[root@mail build] service httpd start
[root@mail build] service mysqld start

[root@mail build] service courier-authlib start
[root@mail build] service courier-imap start
[root@mail build] postfix start

通过后台加入域名和用户名（本文档中的域名为: test.com 、用户名： test@test.com ）

[root@mail build] perl -MMIME::Base64 -e 'print encode_base64("test\@test.com");'
dGVzdEB0ZXN0LmNvbQ==

[root@mail build] perl -MMIME::Base64 -e 'print encode_base64("000000");'
MDAwMDAw

[root@mail build] telnet localhost 25

Trying 127.0.0.1...
Connected to localhost.localdomain (127.0.0.1).
Escape character is '^]'.
220 mail.test.com ESMTP Postfix
ehlo mail
250-mail.test.com
250-PIPELINING
250-SIZE 10240000
250-VRFY
250-ETRN
250-AUTH PLAIN LOGIN
250-AUTH=PLAIN LOGIN
250 8BITMIME
auth login
334 VXNlcm5hbWU6
dGVzdEB0ZXN0LmNvbQ== //用户名（test@test.com）
334 UGFzc3dvcmQ6
MDAwMDAw // 密码（000000）
235 Authentication successful //表示成功验证通过

19、安装Clamav

[root@mail build] rpm --import http://dag.wieers.com/packages/RPM-GPG-KEY.dag.txt
[root@mail build] rpm --import RPM-GPG-KEY.dag.txt
[root@mail build] rpm -q gpg-pubkey --qf "%{summary} -> %{version}-%{release}\n"
gpg(CentOS-4 key ) -> 443e1821-421f218f
gpg(Dag Wieers (Dag Apt Repository v1.0) ) -> 6b8d79e6-3f49313d

[root@mail build] vi /etc/yum.repos.d/dag.repo

[dag]
name=Dag RPM Repository for Red Hat Enterprise Linux
baseurl=http://apt.sw.be/redhat/el$releasever/en/$basearch/dag
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1

[root@mail build] yum update
[root@mail build] yum install clamav

20、升级病毒库

[root@mail build] /usr/bin/freshclam
ClamAV update process started at Thu Mar 9 17:23:21 2006
main.cvd is up to date (version: 36, sigs: 44686, f-level: 7, builder: tkojm)
daily.cvd is up to date (version: 1319, sigs: 1376, f-level: 7, builder: ccordes)

21、安装Spamassassin

[root@mail build] yum install spamassassin
[root@mail build] service spamassassin start

22、安装MailScanner

[root@mail build] tar –zxf ../src/MailScanner-4.51.5-1.rpm.tar.gz
[root@mail build] MailScanner-4.51.5-1/install.sh

23、设置MailScanner

[root@mail build] chkconfig sendmail off
[root@mail build] chkconfig --level 2345 MailScanner on
[root@mail build] vi /etc/MailScanner/MailScanner.conf

%org-name% = toping.net
%org-long-name% = wooxian
%web-site% = www.toping.net
%report-dir% = /etc/MailScanner/reports/cn
Run As User = postfix
Run As Group = postfix
Incoming Queue Dir = /var/spool/postfix/hold
Outgoing Queue Dir = /var/spool/postfix/incoming
MTA = postfix
Virus Scanners = clamav
Always Include SpamAssassin Report = yes
Use SpamAssassin = yes
Required SpamAssassin Score = 6
SpamAssassin User State Dir = /var/spool/MailScanner/spamassassin
SpamAssassin Install Prefix = /usr/bin
SpamAssassin Local Rules Dir = /etc/MailScanner

[root@mail build] yum install unrar
[root@mail build] unrar x ../src/cn.rar
[root@mail build] mv cn /etc/MailScanner/reports/
[root@mail build] mv /etc/postfix/header_check /etc/postfix/header_check.bak
[root@mail build] vi /etc/postfix/header_check

/^Received:/ HOLD

[root@mail build] chown –R postfix:postfix /var/spool/MailScanner/*
[root@mail build] postfix stop
[root@mail build] service MailScanner start

24、测试病毒邮件

[root@mail build] telnet localhost 25
Trying 127.0.0.1...
Connected to localhost.localdomain (127.0.0.1).
Escape character is '^]'.
220 mail.test.com ESMTP Postfix
ehlo mail
250-mail.test.com
250-PIPELINING
250-SIZE 10240000
250-VRFY
250-ETRN
250-AUTH PLAIN LOGIN
250-AUTH=PLAIN LOGIN
250 8BITMIME
auth login
334 VXNlcm5hbWU6
dGVzdEB0ZXN0LmNvbQ== //用户名（test@test.com）
334 UGFzc3dvcmQ6
MDAwMDAw // 密码（000000）
235 Authentication successful //表示成功验证通过
MAIL FROM:
250 Ok
RCPT TO:
250 Ok
DATA
354 End data with .
Subject:Virus test

X5O!P%@AP[4\PZX54(P^)7CC)7}$EICAR-STANDARD-ANTIVIRUS-TEST-FILE!$H+H*

.
250 Ok: queued as F0C221CC20 //出现F0C221CC20这行表示mailscanner运行成功了
quit
221 Bye
Connection closed by foreign host.

收到邮件后会在主题会变成：{Virus?} Virus test

邮件内容会是以下内容：
警告: 此邮件有一个或多个附加档案被移除
警告: 附加档案名称: (详细讯息).
警告: 请参考此信件附加档案 "toping.net-Attachment-Warning.txt" 取得更详细的资料

此讯息由 MailScanner 电子邮件防护系统发出
-----------------------------------------
原有邮件附加档案为 "详细讯息" 被列入拒绝处理的名单.
且被替换为此讯息.

若您仍希望收到*被感染的*附加档案,,请联络系统管理者.包含以下内容:

Thu Mar 9 15:57:25 2006 病毒侦测报告:
ClamAV: msg-3682-1.txt contains Eicar-Test-Signature

求助问题: 检查 the toping.net () MailScanner 机器的 /var/spool/MailScanner/quarantine/20060309 (编号 639F13F97B.BBC3F).
--
系统管理者

以上内容出现表示mailscanner的病毒过滤生效。并成功运行！！

到此一台具有反垃圾和反病毒的邮件服务器建成了，希望我的文档对邮件服务器爱好者能有所帮助～！如果文档中有任何问题可以发邮件给我指出来我会马上改正。谢谢大家！祝大家好运！！scyz at toping.net

25、关于本文；

祝兄弟们好运。本人水平有限。如果发现文章中有什么错误和不当的地方请发邮件：scyz@toping.net。我会在第一时间给予答复。

26、更新日志；

27、参考文档；

posted on 2011-05-27 11:51 小马歌阅读(617) 评论(0) 编辑收藏所属分类: linux 、web server 、web tools 、php

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基于Linux和Postfix的邮件系统的web mail安装手册