所谓间接实现零配置，是指只要做些初始化的配置之后，在以后的开发中基本上不用在对每个Action做配置 struts.xml这样配置
    <action name="*/*" method="{2}" class="workbench.web.actions.{1}Action">
       <result name="custom">/view/{1}/${target}.jsp</result>
    </action>struts.properties的配置：
    XML codestruts.objectFactory = spring
    struts.objectFactory.spring.autoWire = name
    struts.devMode = true
    struts.enable.DynamicMethodInvocation = false
    struts.action.extension =
    struts.enable.SlashesInActionNames = true然后写一个BaseAction:
    public abstract class BaseAction {
        protected final String CUSTOM = "custom";
        private String target;
        protected final Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(getClass());
        public String getTarget() {
            return target;
        }
        public void setTarget(String target) {
            this.target = target;
        }

        protected String render(String _target){
            setTarget(_target);
            return CUSTOM;
        }
    }
    这样其余的Action都可以直接继承BaseAction，不用再做任何配置 通过return render(target)转发到指定的jsp页面,从而间接实现零配置
    public class UserAction extends BaseAction{
        private User user;
        private UserService userService;
        public void setUserService(UserService userService) {
            this.userService = userService;
        }

        public User getUser() {
            return user;
        }
        public void setUser(User user) {
            this.user = user;
        }
        public String test(){
            user = userService.get(1l);
            return render("test");
        }
    }