在SWT中提供了访问OLE的方式，不过相关的例子都是进程内OLE的例子，比如嵌入浏览器、引用ActiveX控件什么的。由于客户的需求，我们需要在程序中通过进程外Automation服务的方式访问IE浏览器。经过网上搜寻，找到一个朋友写的CComObject类可以访问Automation服务。不过经过使用发现一些错误，因此对其进行了修改，为了方便访问IE，我又封装了一个IEAutomation类，这样就暴露给使用者navigate、quit这样的方法。（作者：www.cownew.com 杨中科）
这里例子完全可以用来操控其他的Automation对象，比如操控Work、Excel、AcrobatReader等。
全部代码如下：
CComObject.java
package test;
import org.eclipse.swt.SWT;
import org.eclipse.swt.internal.ole.win32.COM;
import org.eclipse.swt.internal.ole.win32.DISPPARAMS;
import org.eclipse.swt.internal.ole.win32.EXCEPINFO;
import org.eclipse.swt.internal.ole.win32.GUID;
import org.eclipse.swt.internal.ole.win32.IDispatch;
import org.eclipse.swt.internal.ole.win32.ITypeInfo;
import org.eclipse.swt.internal.ole.win32.IUnknown;
import org.eclipse.swt.internal.win32.OS;
import org.eclipse.swt.ole.win32.OLE;
import org.eclipse.swt.ole.win32.Variant;
/** *//**
* @author hcw
*/
public class CComObject
{
private GUID guid = new GUID();
private IDispatch Autoface = null;
private ITypeInfo TypeInfo = null;
private void CreateComObject()
{
dispose();
int[] ppv = new int[1];
int ret = COM.CoCreateInstance(guid, 0, COM.CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER
| COM.CLSCTX_LOCAL_SERVER, COM.IIDIUnknown, ppv);
if (ret != COM.S_OK)
OLE.error(ret);
// throw new RuntimeException("对象创建失败！");
IUnknown objIUnknown = new IUnknown(ppv[0]);
ppv = new int[1];
ret = objIUnknown.QueryInterface(COM.IIDIDispatch, ppv);
objIUnknown.Release();
if (ret != COM.S_OK)
OLE.error(ret);
// throw new RuntimeException("对象不支持Dispatch！");
Autoface = new IDispatch(ppv[0]);
ppv = new int[1];
ret = Autoface.GetTypeInfo(0, COM.LOCALE_USER_DEFAULT, ppv);
if (ret == OLE.S_OK)
{
TypeInfo = new ITypeInfo(ppv[0]);
TypeInfo.AddRef();
}
}
private int getIDsOfNames(String name)
{
int[] rgdispid = new int[1];
String[] names = new String[] { name };
int ret = Autoface.GetIDsOfNames(guid, names, names.length,
COM.LOCALE_USER_DEFAULT, rgdispid);
if (ret != COM.S_OK)
return -1;
return rgdispid[0];
}
private void getVariantData(Variant aVar, int pData)
{
if (pData == 0)
OLE.error(OLE.ERROR_OUT_OF_MEMORY);
COM.VariantInit(pData);
if ((aVar.getType() & COM.VT_BYREF) == COM.VT_BYREF)
{
COM.MoveMemory(pData, new short[] { aVar.getType() }, 2);
COM.MoveMemory(pData + 8, new int[] { aVar.getByRef() }, 4);
return;
}
switch (aVar.getType())
{
case COM.VT_EMPTY:
break;
case COM.VT_BOOL:
COM.MoveMemory(pData, new short[] { aVar.getType() }, 2);
COM.MoveMemory(pData + 8,
new int[] { (aVar.getBoolean()) ? COM.VARIANT_TRUE
: COM.VARIANT_FALSE }, 2);
break;
case COM.VT_R4:
COM.MoveMemory(pData, new short[] { aVar.getType() }, 2);
COM.MoveMemory(pData + 8, new float[] { aVar.getFloat() }, 4);
break;
case COM.VT_I4:
COM.MoveMemory(pData, new short[] { aVar.getType() }, 2);
COM.MoveMemory(pData + 8, new int[] { aVar.getInt() }, 4);
break;
case COM.VT_DISPATCH:
aVar.getDispatch().AddRef();
COM.MoveMemory(pData, new short[] { aVar.getType() }, 2);
COM.MoveMemory(pData + 8, new int[] { aVar.getDispatch()
.getAddress() }, 4);
break;
case COM.VT_UNKNOWN:
aVar.getUnknown().AddRef();
COM.MoveMemory(pData, new short[] { aVar.getType() }, 2);
COM.MoveMemory(pData + 8, new int[] { aVar.getUnknown()
.getAddress() }, 4);
break;
case COM.VT_I2:
COM.MoveMemory(pData, new short[] { aVar.getType() }, 2);
COM.MoveMemory(pData + 8, new short[] { aVar.getShort() }, 2);
break;
case COM.VT_BSTR:
COM.MoveMemory(pData, new short[] { aVar.getType() }, 2);
char[] data = (aVar.getString() + "\0").toCharArray();
int ptr = COM.SysAllocString(data);
COM.MoveMemory(pData + 8, new int[] { ptr }, 4);
break;
default:
OLE.error(SWT.ERROR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED);
}
}
private Variant setVariantData(int pData)
{
if (pData == 0)
OLE.error(OLE.ERROR_INVALID_ARGUMENT);
Variant ret = null;
short[] dataType = new short[1];
COM.MoveMemory(dataType, pData, 2);
int type = dataType[0];
if ((type & COM.VT_BYREF) == COM.VT_BYREF)
{
int[] newByRefPtr = new int[1];
OS.MoveMemory(newByRefPtr, pData + 8, 4);
return new Variant(newByRefPtr[0], COM.VT_BYREF);
}
switch (type)
{
case COM.VT_EMPTY:
break;
case COM.VT_BOOL:
short[] newBooleanData = new short[1];
COM.MoveMemory(newBooleanData, pData + 8, 2);
ret = new Variant(newBooleanData[0] != 0);
break;
case COM.VT_R4:
float[] newFloatData = new float[1];
COM.MoveMemory(newFloatData, pData + 8, 4);
ret = new Variant(newFloatData[0]);
break;
case COM.VT_I4:
int[] newIntData = new int[1];
OS.MoveMemory(newIntData, pData + 8, 4);
ret = new Variant(newIntData[0]);
break;
case COM.VT_DISPATCH:
{
int[] ppvObject = new int[1];
OS.MoveMemory(ppvObject, pData + 8, 4);
if (ppvObject[0] == 0)
{
type = COM.VT_EMPTY;
break;
}
ret = new Variant(new IDispatch(ppvObject[0]));
break;
}
case COM.VT_UNKNOWN:
{
int[] ppvObject = new int[1];
OS.MoveMemory(ppvObject, pData + 8, 4);
if (ppvObject[0] == 0)
{
type = COM.VT_EMPTY;
break;
}
ret = new Variant(new IUnknown(ppvObject[0]));
break;
}
case COM.VT_I2:
short[] newShortData = new short[1];
COM.MoveMemory(newShortData, pData + 8, 2);
ret = new Variant(newShortData[0]);
break;
case COM.VT_BSTR:
// get the address of the memory in which the string resides
int[] hMem = new int[1];
OS.MoveMemory(hMem, pData + 8, 4);
if (hMem[0] == 0)
{
type = COM.VT_EMPTY;
break;
}
int size = COM.SysStringByteLen(hMem[0]);
if (size > 0)
{
char[] buffer = new char[(size + 1) / 2]; // add one to avoid
// rounding errors
COM.MoveMemory(buffer, hMem[0], size);
ret = new Variant(new String(buffer));
} else
{
ret = new Variant(""); //$NON-NLS-1$
}
break;
default:
int newPData = OS.GlobalAlloc(OS.GMEM_FIXED | OS.GMEM_ZEROINIT,
Variant.sizeof);
if (COM.VariantChangeType(newPData, pData, (short) 0, COM.VT_R4) == COM.S_OK)
{
ret = setVariantData(newPData);
} else if (COM.VariantChangeType(newPData, pData, (short) 0,
COM.VT_I4) == COM.S_OK)
{
setVariantData(newPData);
} else if (COM.VariantChangeType(newPData, pData, (short) 0,
COM.VT_BSTR) == COM.S_OK)
{
ret = setVariantData(newPData);
}
COM.VariantClear(newPData);
OS.GlobalFree(newPData);
break;
}
return ret;
}
private int invoke(int dispIdMember, int wFlags, Variant[] rgvarg,
int[] rgdispidNamedArgs, Variant[] pVarResult)
{
if (Autoface == null)
return COM.E_FAIL;
DISPPARAMS pDispParams = new DISPPARAMS();
if (rgvarg != null && rgvarg.length > 0)
{
pDispParams.cArgs = rgvarg.length;
pDispParams.rgvarg = OS.GlobalAlloc(COM.GMEM_FIXED
| COM.GMEM_ZEROINIT, Variant.sizeof * rgvarg.length);
int offset = 0;
for (int i = rgvarg.length - 1; i >= 0; i--)
{
getVariantData(rgvarg[i], pDispParams.rgvarg + offset);
offset += Variant.sizeof;
}
}
if (rgdispidNamedArgs != null && rgdispidNamedArgs.length > 0)
{
pDispParams.cNamedArgs = rgdispidNamedArgs.length;
pDispParams.rgdispidNamedArgs = OS.GlobalAlloc(COM.GMEM_FIXED
| COM.GMEM_ZEROINIT, 4 * rgdispidNamedArgs.length);
int offset = 0;
for (int i = rgdispidNamedArgs.length; i > 0; i--)
{
COM.MoveMemory(pDispParams.rgdispidNamedArgs + offset,
new int[] { rgdispidNamedArgs[i - 1] }, 4);
offset += 4;
}
}
EXCEPINFO excepInfo = new EXCEPINFO();
int[] pArgErr = new int[1];
int pVarResultAddress = 0;
if (pVarResult != null)
pVarResultAddress = OS.GlobalAlloc(
OS.GMEM_FIXED | OS.GMEM_ZEROINIT, Variant.sizeof);
int ret = Autoface.Invoke(dispIdMember, new GUID(),
COM.LOCALE_USER_DEFAULT, wFlags, pDispParams,
pVarResultAddress, excepInfo, pArgErr);
if (ret != COM.S_OK)
return ret;
if (pVarResultAddress != 0)
{
pVarResult[0] = setVariantData(pVarResultAddress);
COM.VariantClear(pVarResultAddress);
OS.GlobalFree(pVarResultAddress);
}
if (pDispParams.rgdispidNamedArgs != 0)
{
OS.GlobalFree(pDispParams.rgdispidNamedArgs);
}
if (pDispParams.rgvarg != 0)
{
int offset = 0;
for (int i = 0, length = rgvarg.length; i < length; i++)
{
COM.VariantClear(pDispParams.rgvarg + offset);
offset += Variant.sizeof;
}
OS.GlobalFree(pDispParams.rgvarg);
}
return ret;
}
/** *//**
* 创建空对象在使用需调用CreateComObject或CreateComObjectProgID创建COM对象。
*
*/
public CComObject()
{
}
/** *//**
* 使用CLSID创建COM对象，建构后可以调用COM对象方法或属性。
*
* @param sCLSID
* COM对象CLSID
* @throws RuntimeException
*/
public CComObject(String sCLSID) throws RuntimeException
{
COM.IIDFromString(sCLSID.toCharArray(), guid);
CreateComObject();
}
/** *//**
* 使用现有自动化对象接口创建COM对象。
*
* @param prgDispatch
*/
public CComObject(IDispatch prgDispatch)
{
Autoface = prgDispatch;
Autoface.AddRef();
}
/** *//**
* @author 杨中科
* @param clientName
* @param guid
*/
protected void getClassID(String clientName, GUID guid)
{
// create a null terminated array of char
char[] buffer = null;
if (clientName != null)
{
int count = clientName.length();
buffer = new char[count + 1];
clientName.getChars(0, count, buffer, 0);
}
if (COM.CLSIDFromProgID(buffer, guid) != COM.S_OK)
{
int result = COM.CLSIDFromString(buffer, guid);
if (result != COM.S_OK)
OLE.error(result);
}
}
/** *//**
* 使用CLSID创建COM对象。可用于创建新的对象（原有对象将释放）
*
* @param sCLSID
* @return
* @throws RuntimeException
*/
public IDispatch CreateComObject(String sCLSID) throws RuntimeException
{
COM.IIDFromString(sCLSID.toCharArray(), guid);
CreateComObject();
return Autoface;
}
/** *//**
* 创建远程COM对象（未实现）。
*
* @param MachineName
* @param sCLSID
* @return
*/
public IDispatch CreateRemoteComObject(String MachineName, String sCLSID)
{
COM.IIDFromString(sCLSID.toCharArray(), guid);
return Autoface;
}
/** *//**
* 使用ProgID创建COM对象。
*
* @param ProgID
* @return
* @throws RuntimeException
*/
public IDispatch CreateComObjectProgID(String ProgID)
throws RuntimeException
{
getClassID(ProgID, guid);
CreateComObject();
return Autoface;
}
/** *//**
* 调用COM对象方法，有返回值（可变参数暂不支持）。
*
* @param FunctionName
* @param rgvarg
* @return
* @throws RuntimeException
*/
public Variant CallFunction(String FunctionName, Variant[] rgvarg)
throws RuntimeException
{
if (Autoface == null)
throw new RuntimeException("对象为空");
int rgdispid = getIDsOfNames(FunctionName);
if (rgdispid == -1)
throw new RuntimeException("方法不支持！");
Variant[] pVarResult = new Variant[1];
int ret = invoke(rgdispid, COM.DISPATCH_METHOD, rgvarg, null,
pVarResult);
if (ret != COM.S_OK)
OLE.error(ret);
// throw new RuntimeException("方法调用失败！");
return pVarResult[0];
}
/** *//**
* 调用COM对象方法，无参数和返回值。
*
* @param FunctionName
* @throws RuntimeException
*/
public void CallFunction(String FunctionName) throws RuntimeException
{
CallFunction(FunctionName, new Variant[] {});
}
/** *//**
* 获取COM对象属性值。
*
* @param PropertyName
* @param rgvarg
* @return
* @throws RuntimeException
*/
public Variant getProperty(String PropertyName, Variant[] rgvarg)
throws RuntimeException
{
if (Autoface == null)
throw new RuntimeException("对象为空");
int rgdispid = getIDsOfNames(PropertyName);
if (rgdispid == -1)
throw new RuntimeException("属性不支持！");
Variant[] pVarResult = new Variant[1];
int ret = invoke(rgdispid, COM.DISPATCH_PROPERTYGET, rgvarg, null,
pVarResult);
if (ret != COM.S_OK)
OLE.error(ret);
// throw new RuntimeException("属性获取失败");
return pVarResult[0];
}
/** *//**
* 给COM对象属性赋值。
*
* @param PropertyName
* @param rgvarg
* @throws RuntimeException
*/
public void setProperty(String PropertyName, Variant[] rgvarg)
throws RuntimeException
{
if (Autoface == null)
throw new RuntimeException("对象为空");
int rgdispid = getIDsOfNames(PropertyName);
if (rgdispid == -1)
throw new RuntimeException("属性不支持！");
int[] rgdispidNamedArgs = new int[] { COM.DISPID_PROPERTYPUT };
int dwFlags = COM.DISPATCH_PROPERTYPUT;
for (int i = 0; i < rgvarg.length; i++)
{
if ((rgvarg[i].getType() & COM.VT_BYREF) == COM.VT_BYREF)
dwFlags = COM.DISPATCH_PROPERTYPUTREF;
}
Variant[] pVarResult = new Variant[1];
int ret = invoke(rgdispid, dwFlags, rgvarg, rgdispidNamedArgs,
pVarResult);
if (ret != COM.S_OK)
OLE.error(ret);
}
/** *//**
* 释放COM对象的连接。在对象不用的时候需调用此函数，以便及时释放对象。
*
*/
public void dispose()
{
if (Autoface != null)
Autoface.Release();
Autoface = null;
if (TypeInfo != null)
TypeInfo.Release();
TypeInfo = null;
}
}
IEAutomation.java
package test;
import org.eclipse.swt.ole.win32.Variant;
/** *//**
* 更多方法参考MSDN“InternetExplorer Object”文档
* @author 杨中科
*
*/
public class IEAutomation
{
static final String progId = "InternetExplorer.Application";
private CComObject ieComObject = new CComObject();
public IEAutomation()
{
ieComObject.CreateComObjectProgID(progId);
}
public void setProperty(String name, int value)
{
ieComObject.setProperty(name, new Variant[] { new Variant(value) });
}
public int getPropertyAsInt(String name)
{
Variant value = ieComObject.getProperty(name, new Variant[0]);
return value.getInt();
}
public void setProperty(String name, boolean value)
{
ieComObject.setProperty(name, new Variant[] { new Variant(value) });
}
public boolean getPropertyAsBool(String name)
{
Variant value = ieComObject.getProperty(name, new Variant[0]);
return value.getBoolean();
}
public void setProperty(String name, String value)
{
ieComObject.setProperty(name, new Variant[] { new Variant(value) });
}
public String getPropertyAsString(String name)
{
Variant value = ieComObject.getProperty(name, new Variant[0]);
return value.getString();
}
public void setVisible(boolean value)
{
setProperty("Visible", value);
}
public boolean isVisible()
{
return getPropertyAsBool("Visible");
}
public void setMenuBar(boolean value)
{
setProperty("MenuBar", value);
}
public boolean isMenuBar()
{
return getPropertyAsBool("MenuBar");
}
public int getHWND()
{
return getPropertyAsInt("HWND");
}
public void navigate(String url)
{
ieComObject.CallFunction("Navigate", new Variant[] { new Variant(url) });
}
public void quit()
{
ieComObject.CallFunction("Quit");
}
}
调用代码：
final IEAutomation ie = new IEAutomation();
ie.setVisible(true);
ie.navigate("http://www.baidu.com");
ie.setMenuBar(false);
int hwnd = ie.getHWND();
// composite为承载被启动程序的控件
OS.SetParent(hwnd, composite.handle);
// 窗口最大化
OS.SendMessage(hwnd, OS.WM_SYSCOMMAND, OS.SC_MAXIMIZE, 0);
OS.SendMessage(hwnd, OS.WM_ACTIVATE, 0, 0);
composite.addDisposeListener(new DisposeListener() {
public void widgetDisposed(DisposeEvent e)
{
//必须手动指定退出，否则会报异常
ie.quit();
}
});
我们高呼，SWT，你丫真牛，比CowNew还牛，呵呵。