The NoteBook of EricKong

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javaMai 为建立邮件和消息服务提供了框架,因而应用程序可以发送和接收邮件.JavaMail API 是一个用于阅读、编写和发送电子消息的可选包(标准扩展),可以用来建立基于标准的电子邮件客户机,它配置了各种因特网邮件协,包括SMTP 、POP 、IMAP和 MIME ,还包括相关的NNTP 、S/MIME 及其它协议。
   通常开发JavaMail 程序通常需要mail.jar 和 activation.jar 两个架包。mail.jar包含mailapi.jar、pop3.jar 和 smtp.jar。mailapi.jar包含核心的API 类, pop3.jar 和 smtp.jar为各自的邮件协议包含实现方法. activation.jar处理 MIME (多用途因特网邮件扩展)类型。

   核心JavaMail API 由七个类组成:Session 、Message 、Address 、Authenticator 、Transport 、Store 及 Folder ,它们都来自javax.mail 、即JavaMail API 顶级包。可以用这些类完成大量常见的电子邮件任务,包括发送消息、检索消息、删除消息、认证、回复消息、转发消息、管理附件、处理基于HTML文件格式的 消息以及搜索或过滤邮件列表。
这里只具体说明一下发送邮件的JavaMail类:
1.Session
这个Session类代表JavaMail 中的一个邮件session. 每一个基于 JavaMail的应用程序至少有一个session但是可以有任意多的session。
     在这个例子中, Session对象需要知道用来处理邮件的SMTP 服务器。JavaMail需要Properties来创建一个session对象
Session sendMailSession;
    Properties props = new Properties ();
props.put("mail.smtp.host", "smtp.sina.com.cn");//可以换上你的smtp主机名。
sendMailSession = Session.getInstance(props, null);
2.Transport
Transport 是用来发送信息的.
用法:Transport transport;
transport = sendMailSession.getTransport("smtp");
用JavaMail Session对象的getTransport 方法来初始化Transport。传过去的字符串申明了对象所要使用的协议,如"smtp"。这是因为JavaMail以境内置了很多协议的实现方法。
注意: JavaMail并不是绝对支持每一个协议,目前支持IMAP、 SMTP和 POP3。
3.Message
Message对象将存储我们实际发送的电子邮件信息,Message对象被作为一个MimeMessage对象来创建并且需要知道应当选择哪一个JavaMail session。
使用方法:Message newMessage = new MimeMessage(sendMailSession);
4.MimeMessage
    实现Message接口,以显示Mime风格的消息
5.InternetAddress
    存储电子邮件中关于“from”、“to”域的信息


用JavaMail发送电子邮件的过程比较简单,大致分为以下5个步骤:
1.创建Properties 对象,设置邮件服务器属性:mail.smtp.host ,即指定你的SMTP服务器。
2.建立一个邮件会话
3.创建你的邮件信息对象,该对象包含了你的邮件的全部内容,包括发送人,接受人,标题,正文,附件等内容
4.完成发送前的服务器验证
5.发送邮件
import java.io.*;                                                                                                               
import java.text.*;                                                                                                             
import java.util.*;                                                                                                             
import javax.activation.DataHandler;                                                                                              
import javax.activation.FileDataSource;                                                                                         
import javax.mail.*;                                                                                                            
import javax.mail.internet.*;                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
public class SimpleSender {                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
 
public static void main(String args[]) {                                                                                       
  
try {                                                                                                                         
   String smtpServer 
= "smtp.sina.com.cn";                                                                                      
   String to 
= "test1@sina.com.cn";                                                                                             
   String from 
= "test2@sina.com.cn";                                                                                           
   String subject 
= "hello";                                                                                                    
   String body 
= "";                                                                                                            
   send(smtpServer, to, from, subject, body);                                                                                   
  } 
catch (Exception ex) {                                                                                                      
   System.out.println(
"Usage: java test.SimpleSender"                                                                           
     
+ " smtpServer toAddress fromAddress subjectText bodyText");                                                               
  }                                                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
 }                                                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
 
public static void send(String smtpServer, String to, String from,                                                             
   String subject, String body) {                                                                                               
  
try {                                                                                                                         
    Properties props 
= System.getProperties();                                                                                  
    props.put(
"mail.smtp.host", smtpServer);                                                                                    
    props.put(
"mail.smtp.auth","true");                                                                                         
    Authenticator  sa 
= new SmtpAuth(from, "");                                                                                 
           Session session 
= Session.getDefaultInstance(props,sa);                                                              
           InternetAddress     fromadress   
=   new   InternetAddress(from);                                                    
           javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress   toadress
=   new   javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress   (to);                  
           javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage     mymessage   
=   new   javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage   (session);               
           mymessage.setFrom(fromadress);                                                                                       
           mymessage.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO   ,toadress);                                                        
           mymessage.setSentDate(
new   java.util.Date());                                                                       
           mymessage.addHeader(
"header","test")   ;                                                                             
           mymessage.setSubject(subject)   ;                                                                                    
           mymessage.setText(
"hello")   ;                                                                                       
           Transport   tt
=session.getTransport("smtp");                                                                         
           tt.send(mymessage);                                                                                                  
  } 
catch (Exception ex) {                                                                                                      
   System.out.println(ex.toString());                                                                                           
  }                                                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
 }                                                                                                                              
}
                                                                                                                             

posted on 2010-07-21 17:18 Eric_jiang 阅读(1006) 评论(1)  编辑  收藏 所属分类: Java

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# re: 在java应用程序中加入发送邮件的功能 2013-04-01 14:42 宣传部
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