这几天一直做安全登录,网上查了好多资料,不尽如意。
具体实现思路如下:
1。服务端生成公钥与私钥,保存。
2。客户端在请求到登录页面后,随机生成一字符串。
3。后此随机字符串作为密钥加密密码,再用从服务端获取到的公钥加密生成的随机字符串。
4。将此两段密文传入服务端,服务端用私钥解出随机字符串,再用此私钥解出加密的密文。
这其中有一个关键是解决服务端的公钥,传入客户端,客户端用此公钥加密字符串后,后又能在服务端用私钥解出。
此文即为实现此步而作。
加密算法为RSA:
1。服务端的RSA java实现。
Java代码
- /**
- *
- */
- package com.sunsoft.struts.util;
-
- import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
- import java.io.FileInputStream;
- import java.io.FileOutputStream;
- import java.io.ObjectInputStream;
- import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;
- import java.math.BigInteger;
- import java.security.KeyFactory;
- import java.security.KeyPair;
- import java.security.KeyPairGenerator;
- import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
- import java.security.PrivateKey;
- import java.security.PublicKey;
- import java.security.SecureRandom;
- import java.security.interfaces.RSAPrivateKey;
- import java.security.interfaces.RSAPublicKey;
- import java.security.spec.InvalidKeySpecException;
- import java.security.spec.RSAPrivateKeySpec;
- import java.security.spec.RSAPublicKeySpec;
-
- import javax.crypto.Cipher;
-
-
-
- /**
- * RSA 工具类。提供加密,解密,生成密钥对等方法。
- * 需要到http://www.bouncycastle.org下载bcprov-jdk14-123.jar。
- *
- */
- public class RSAUtil {
- /**
- * * 生成密钥对 *
- *
- * @return KeyPair *
- * @throws EncryptException
- */
- public static KeyPair generateKeyPair() throws Exception {
- try {
- KeyPairGenerator keyPairGen = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance("RSA",
- new org.bouncycastle.jce.provider.BouncyCastleProvider());
- final int KEY_SIZE = 1024;// 没什么好说的了,这个值关系到块加密的大小,可以更改,但是不要太大,否则效率会低
- keyPairGen.initialize(KEY_SIZE, new SecureRandom());
- KeyPair keyPair = keyPairGen.generateKeyPair();
- saveKeyPair(keyPair);
- return keyPair;
- } catch (Exception e) {
- throw new Exception(e.getMessage());
- }
- }
-
- public static KeyPair getKeyPair()throws Exception{
- FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream("C:/RSAKey.txt");
- ObjectInputStream oos = new ObjectInputStream(fis);
- KeyPair kp= (KeyPair) oos.readObject();
- oos.close();
- fis.close();
- return kp;
- }
-
- public static void saveKeyPair(KeyPair kp)throws Exception{
-
- FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream("C:/RSAKey.txt");
- ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(fos);
- //生成密钥
- oos.writeObject(kp);
- oos.close();
- fos.close();
- }
-
- /**
- * * 生成公钥 *
- *
- * @param modulus *
- * @param publicExponent *
- * @return RSAPublicKey *
- * @throws Exception
- */
- public static RSAPublicKey generateRSAPublicKey(byte[] modulus,
- byte[] publicExponent) throws Exception {
- KeyFactory keyFac = null;
- try {
- keyFac = KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA",
- new org.bouncycastle.jce.provider.BouncyCastleProvider());
- } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException ex) {
- throw new Exception(ex.getMessage());
- }
-
- RSAPublicKeySpec pubKeySpec = new RSAPublicKeySpec(new BigInteger(
- modulus), new BigInteger(publicExponent));
- try {
- return (RSAPublicKey) keyFac.generatePublic(pubKeySpec);
- } catch (InvalidKeySpecException ex) {
- throw new Exception(ex.getMessage());
- }
- }
-
- /**
- * * 生成私钥 *
- *
- * @param modulus *
- * @param privateExponent *
- * @return RSAPrivateKey *
- * @throws Exception
- */
- public static RSAPrivateKey generateRSAPrivateKey(byte[] modulus,
- byte[] privateExponent) throws Exception {
- KeyFactory keyFac = null;
- try {
- keyFac = KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA",
- new org.bouncycastle.jce.provider.BouncyCastleProvider());
- } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException ex) {
- throw new Exception(ex.getMessage());
- }
-
- RSAPrivateKeySpec priKeySpec = new RSAPrivateKeySpec(new BigInteger(
- modulus), new BigInteger(privateExponent));
- try {
- return (RSAPrivateKey) keyFac.generatePrivate(priKeySpec);
- } catch (InvalidKeySpecException ex) {
- throw new Exception(ex.getMessage());
- }
- }
-
- /**
- * * 加密 *
- *
- * @param key
- * 加密的密钥 *
- * @param data
- * 待加密的明文数据 *
- * @return 加密后的数据 *
- * @throws Exception
- */
- public static byte[] encrypt(PublicKey pk, byte[] data) throws Exception {
- try {
- Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("RSA",
- new org.bouncycastle.jce.provider.BouncyCastleProvider());
- cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, pk);
- int blockSize = cipher.getBlockSize();// 获得加密块大小,如:加密前数据为128个byte,而key_size=1024
- // 加密块大小为127
- // byte,加密后为128个byte;因此共有2个加密块,第一个127
- // byte第二个为1个byte
- int outputSize = cipher.getOutputSize(data.length);// 获得加密块加密后块大小
- int leavedSize = data.length % blockSize;
- int blocksSize = leavedSize != 0 ? data.length / blockSize + 1
- : data.length / blockSize;
- byte[] raw = new byte[outputSize * blocksSize];
- int i = 0;
- while (data.length - i * blockSize > 0) {
- if (data.length - i * blockSize > blockSize)
- cipher.doFinal(data, i * blockSize, blockSize, raw, i
- * outputSize);
- else
- cipher.doFinal(data, i * blockSize, data.length - i
- * blockSize, raw, i * outputSize);
- // 这里面doUpdate方法不可用,查看源代码后发现每次doUpdate后并没有什么实际动作除了把byte[]放到
- // ByteArrayOutputStream中,而最后doFinal的时候才将所有的byte[]进行加密,可是到了此时加密块大小很可能已经超出了
- // OutputSize所以只好用dofinal方法。
-
- i++;
- }
- return raw;
- } catch (Exception e) {
- throw new Exception(e.getMessage());
- }
- }
-
- /**
- * * 解密 *
- *
- * @param key
- * 解密的密钥 *
- * @param raw
- * 已经加密的数据 *
- * @return 解密后的明文 *
- * @throws Exception
- */
- public static byte[] decrypt(PrivateKey pk, byte[] raw) throws Exception {
- try {
- Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("RSA",
- new org.bouncycastle.jce.provider.BouncyCastleProvider());
- cipher.init(cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, pk);
- int blockSize = cipher.getBlockSize();
- ByteArrayOutputStream bout = new ByteArrayOutputStream(64);
- int j = 0;
-
- while (raw.length - j * blockSize > 0) {
- bout.write(cipher.doFinal(raw, j * blockSize, blockSize));
- j++;
- }
- return bout.toByteArray();
- } catch (Exception e) {
- throw new Exception(e.getMessage());
- }
- }
-
- /**
- * * *
- *
- * @param args *
- * @throws Exception
- */
- public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
- RSAPublicKey rsap = (RSAPublicKey) RSAUtil.generateKeyPair().getPublic();
- String test = "hello world";
- byte[] en_test = encrypt(getKeyPair().getPublic(),test.getBytes());
- byte[] de_test = decrypt(getKeyPair().getPrivate(),en_test);
- System.out.println(new String(de_test));
- }
- }
2.测试页面:
IndexAction.java
Java代码
- /*
- * Generated by MyEclipse Struts
- * Template path: templates/java/JavaClass.vtl
- */
- package com.sunsoft.struts.action;
-
- import java.security.interfaces.RSAPrivateKey;
- import java.security.interfaces.RSAPublicKey;
-
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
-
- import org.apache.struts.action.Action;
- import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;
- import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForward;
- import org.apache.struts.action.ActionMapping;
-
- import com.sunsoft.struts.util.RSAUtil;
-
- /**
- * MyEclipse Struts
- * Creation date: 06-28-2008
- *
- * XDoclet definition:
- * @struts.action validate="true"
- */
- public class IndexAction extends Action {
- /*
- * Generated Methods
- */
-
- /**
- * Method execute
- * @param mapping
- * @param form
- * @param request
- * @param response
- * @return ActionForward
- */
- public ActionForward execute(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,
- HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)throws Exception {
-
- RSAPublicKey rsap = (RSAPublicKey) RSAUtil.getKeyPair().getPublic();
- String module = rsap.getModulus().toString(16);
- String empoent = rsap.getPublicExponent().toString(16);
- System.out.println("module");
- System.out.println(module);
- System.out.println("empoent");
- System.out.println(empoent);
- request.setAttribute("m", module);
- request.setAttribute("e", empoent);
- return mapping.findForward("login");
- }
- }
通过此action进入登录页面,并传入公钥的 Modulus 与PublicExponent的hex编码形式。
3。登录页面 login.jsp
Html代码
- <%@ page language="java" pageEncoding="GBK"%>
-
- <%@ taglib uri="http://struts.apache.org/tags-bean" prefix="bean" %>
- <%@ taglib uri="http://struts.apache.org/tags-html" prefix="html" %>
- <%@ taglib uri="http://struts.apache.org/tags-logic" prefix="logic" %>
- <%@ taglib uri="http://struts.apache.org/tags-tiles" prefix="tiles" %>
-
- <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
- <html:html lang="true">
- <head>
- <html:base />
-
- <title>login</title>
-
- <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
- <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
- <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
- <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
- <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
- <!--
- <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
- -->
- <script type="text/javascript" src="js/RSA.js"></script>
- <script type="text/javascript" src="js/BigInt.js"></script>
- <script type="text/javascript" src="js/Barrett.js"></script>
- <script type="text/javascript">
- function rsalogin()
- {
- bodyRSA();
- var result = encryptedString(key, document.getElementById("pwd").value);
- //alert(result);
- loginForm.action="login.do?result="+result;
- loginForm.submit();
- }
- var key ;
- function bodyRSA()
- {
- setMaxDigits(130);
- key = new RSAKeyPair("10001","","8c1cd09a04ed01aafe70dc84c5f32ae23a16fe8fc8898aba6797c5a9c708720de4f08dbf086af429fc51c0636208f56de20a8ab5686affd9bdfb643ae1e90d5617155c4867eef06b0884ba8ecd187907c7069ae3eed4f0155eeca6573411864035ae803ad8fd91a0cc479f27e41b19c13465ab30f3cfbfd14de56f49cbd09481");
-
- }
-
- </script>
- </head>
-
- <body >
- <html:form action="login" method="post" focus="username">
- <table border="0">
- <tr>
- <td>Login:</td>
- <td><html:text property="username" /></td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>Password:</td>
- <td><html:password property="password" styleId="pwd"/></td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td colspan="2" align="center"><input type="button" value="SUBMIT" onclick="rsalogin();"/></td>
- </tr>
- </table>
- </html:form>
- </body>
- </html:html>
3.点击登录后,调用LoginAction.java
Java代码
- /*
- * Generated by MyEclipse Struts
- * Template path: templates/java/JavaClass.vtl
- */
- package com.sunsoft.struts.action;
-
- import java.math.BigInteger;
-
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
-
- import org.apache.struts.action.Action;
- import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;
- import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForward;
- import org.apache.struts.action.ActionMapping;
-
- import com.sunsoft.struts.util.RSAUtil;
-
- /**
- * MyEclipse Struts
- * Creation date: 06-28-2008
- *
- * XDoclet definition:
- * @struts.action path="/login" name="loginForm" input="/login.jsp" scope="request" validate="true"
- * @struts.action-forward name="error" path="/error.jsp"
- * @struts.action-forward name="success" path="/success.jsp"
- */
- public class LoginAction extends Action {
- /*
- * Generated Methods
- */
-
- /**
- * Method execute
- * @param mapping
- * @param form
- * @param request
- * @param response
- * @return ActionForward
- */
- public ActionForward execute(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,
- HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception{
- //LoginForm loginForm = (LoginForm) form;
- String result = request.getParameter("result");
- System.out.println("原文加密后为:");
- System.out.println(result);
- byte[] en_result = new BigInteger(result, 16).toByteArray();
- System.out.println("转成byte[]"+new String(en_result));
- byte[] de_result = RSAUtil.decrypt(RSAUtil.getKeyPair().getPrivate(),en_result);
- System.out.println("还原密文:");
-
- System.out.println(new String(de_result));
- StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
- sb.append(new String(de_result));
- System.out.println(sb.reverse().toString());
- return mapping.findForward("success");
- }
- }
因为发现解出的明文是倒序的,后面就用StringBuffer的reverse()来转换了一下。
4。login.jsp所调用的js