Oracle提供了两个脚本dbstart和dbshut用来启动和关闭数据库.
这两个脚本首先读取oratab(/etc/oratab)文件来决定哪个数据库是需要自动启动和关闭,然后启动和关闭那些数据库,
oratab文件通过root.sh创建.
[oracle@chicago oracle]$ cat /etc/oratab
#
# This file is used by ORACLE utilities. It is created by root.sh
# and updated by the Database Configuration Assistant when creating
# a database.
# A colon, ':', is used as the field terminator. A new line terminates
# the entry. Lines beginning with a pound sign, '#', are comments.
#
# Entries are of the form:
# $ORACLE_SID:$ORACLE_HOME:<N|Y>:
#
# The first and second fields are the system identifier and home
# directory of the database respectively. The third filed indicates
# to the dbstart utility that the database should , "Y", or should not,
# "N", be brought up at system boot time.
#
# Multiple entries with the same $ORACLE_SID are not allowed.
#
#
orcl:/u01/app/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1:Y
不过,dbstart/dbshut脚本中都包含有错误.
需要修改ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$ORACLE_HOME
[oracle@chicago oracle]$ dbstart
ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER is not SET, unable to auto-start Oracle Net Listener
Usage: /u01/app/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/bin/dbstart ORACLE_HOME
[oracle@chicago oracle]$ vi $ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbstart
:
#
# $Id: dbstart.sh.pp 25-may-2005.14:52:00 vikrkuma Exp $
# Copyright (c) 1991, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
#
###################################
#
# usage: dbstart $ORACLE_HOME
#
# This script is used to start ORACLE from /etc/rc(.local).
# It should ONLY be executed as part of the system boot procedure.
#
# This script will start all databases listed in the oratab file
# whose third field is a "Y". If the third field is set to "Y" and
# there is no ORACLE_SID for an entry (the first field is a *),
# then this script will ignore that entry.
#
# This script requires that ASM ORACLE_SID's start with a +, and
# that non-ASM instance ORACLE_SID's do not start with a +.
#
# If ASM instances are to be started with this script, it cannot
# be used inside an rc*.d directory, and should be invoked from
# rc.local only. Otherwise, the CSS service may not be available
# yet, and this script will block init from completing the boot
# cycle.
#
# If you want dbstart to auto-start a single-instance database that uses
# an ASM server that is auto-started by CRS (this is the default behavior
# for an ASM cluster), you must change the database's ORATAB entry to use
# a third field of "W" and the ASM's ORATAB entry to use a third field of "N".
# These values specify that dbstart auto-starts the database only after
# the ASM instance is up and running.
#
# Note:
# Use ORACLE_TRACE=T for tracing this script.
#
# The progress log for each instance bringup plus Error and Warning message[s]
# are logged in file $ORACLE_HOME/startup.log. The error messages related to
# instance bringup are also logged to syslog (system log module).
# The Listener log is located at $ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER/listener.log
#
# To configure:
# 1) Set ORATAB:
# On Solaris
# ORATAB=/var/opt/oracle/oratab
# All other UNIX platforms
# ORATAB=/etc/oratab
#
# 2) Update $ORATAB/oratab with Database Instances that need to be started up.
# Entries are of the form:
# $ORACLE_SID:$ORACLE_HOME:<N|Y|W>:
# An example entry:
# main:/usr/lib/oracle/emagent_10g:Y
#
# Overall algorithm:
# 1) Bring up all ASM instances with 'Y' entry in status field in oratab entry
# 2) Bring up all Database instances with 'Y' entry in status field in
# oratab entry
# 3) If there are Database instances with 'W' entry in status field
# then
# iterate over all ASM instances (irrespective of 'Y' or 'N') AND
# wait for all of them to be started
# fi
# 4) Bring up all Database instances with 'W' entry in status field in
# oratab entry
#
#####################################
LOGMSG="logger -puser.alert -s "
trap 'exit' 1 2 3
# for script tracing
case $ORACLE_TRACE in
T) set -x ;;
esac
# Set path if path not set (if called from /etc/rc)
case $PATH in
"") PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/etc
export PATH ;;
esac
# Save LD_LIBRARY_PATH
SAVE_LLP=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
# First argument is used to bring up Oracle Net Listener
ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$ORACLE_HOME
if [ ! $ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER ] ; then
echo "ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER is not SET, unable to auto-start Oracle Net Listener"
echo "Usage: $0 ORACLE_HOME"
else
LOG=$ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER/listener.log
# Start Oracle Net Listener
if [ -x $ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER/bin/tnslsnr ] ; then
echo "$0: Starting Oracle Net Listener" >> $LOG 2>&1
"/u01/app/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/bin/dbstart" 461L, 13926C written
[oracle@chicago oracle]$ dbstart
Processing Database instance "orcl": log file /u01/app/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/startup.log
[oracle@chicago oracle]$ dbshut
ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER is not SET, unable to auto-stop Oracle Net Listener
Usage: /u01/app/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/bin/dbshut ORACLE_HOME
Processing Database instance "orcl": log file /u01/app/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/shutdown.log
[oracle@chicago oracle]$ vi $ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbshut
:
#
# $Id: dbshut.sh.pp 11-may-2005.19:37:00 vikrkuma Exp $
# Copyright (c) 1991, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
#
###################################
#
# usage: dbshut $ORACLE_HOME
#
# This script is used to shutdown ORACLE from /etc/rc(.local).
# It should ONLY be executed as part of the system boot procedure.
#
# This script will shutdown all databases listed in the oratab file
# whose third field is a "Y" or "W". If the third field is set to "Y" and
# there is no ORACLE_SID for an entry (the first field is a *),
# then this script will ignore that entry.
#
# This script requires that ASM ORACLE_SID's start with a +, and
# that non-ASM instance ORACLE_SID's do not start with a +.
#
# Note:
# Use ORACLE_TRACE=T for tracing this script.
# Oracle Net Listener is also shutdown using this script.
#
# The progress log for each instance shutdown is logged in file
# $ORACLE_HOME/shutdown.log.
#
# To configure:
# 1) Set ORATAB:
# On Solaris
# ORATAB=/var/opt/oracle/oratab
# All other UNIX platforms
# ORATAB=/etc/oratab
#
# 2) Update $ORATAB/oratab with Database Instances that need to be shutdown.
# Entries are of the form:
# $ORACLE_SID:$ORACLE_HOME:<N|Y>:
# An example entry:
# main:/usr/lib/oracle/emagent_10g:Y
#
# Note:
# Use ORACLE_TRACE=T for tracing this script.
# Oracle Net Listener is NOT shutdown using this script.
#
# The progress log for each instance shutdown is logged in file
# $ORACLE_HOME/shutdown.log.
#
# To configure:
# 1) Set ORATAB:
# On Solaris
# ORATAB=/var/opt/oracle/oratab
# All other UNIX platforms
# ORATAB=/etc/oratab
#
# 2) Update $ORATAB/oratab with Database Instances that need to be shutdown.
# Entries are of the form:
# $ORACLE_SID:$ORACLE_HOME:<N|Y>:
# An example entry:
# main:/usr/lib/oracle/emagent_10g:Y
#
#####################################
trap 'exit' 1 2 3
case $ORACLE_TRACE in
T) set -x ;;
esac
# Set path if path not set (if called from /etc/rc)
case $PATH in
"") PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/etc
export PATH ;;
esac
# Save LD_LIBRARY_PATH
SAVE_LLP=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
# The this to bring down Oracle Net Listener
ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$ORACLE_HOME
if [ ! $ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER ] ; then
echo "ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER is not SET, unable to auto-stop Oracle Net Listener"
echo "Usage: $0 ORACLE_HOME"
else
LOG=$ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER/listener.log
# Stop Oracle Net Listener
if [ -f $ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER/bin/tnslsnr ] ; then
"/u01/app/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/bin/dbshut" 246L, 6592C written
[oracle@chicago oracle]$ dbstart
Processing Database instance "orcl": log file /u01/app/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/startup.log
[oracle@chicago oracle]$ dbshut
Processing Database instance "orcl": log file /u01/app/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/shutdown.log
[oracle@chicago oracle]$
来自：http://benbo.itpub.net/post/26034/311306