[标题]:[原]Struts2校验框架
[时间]:2009-7-27
[摘要]:校验框架配置、客户端校验
[关键字]:浪曦视频,Struts2应用开发系列,WebWork,Apache,validation
[环境]:struts-2.1.6、JDK6、MyEclipse7、Tomcat6
[作者]:Winty (wintys@gmail.com) http://www.blogjava.net/wintys
[正文]:
Struts校验框架提供了一种不用编写代码,只需修改配置文件即可对输入进行校验的功能。代码方式校验,即重写validate()方法。实际应用中,
validate()与校验框架一般只选其一。
1、校验框架配置
在RegisterAction.java相同目录新建校验框架配置文件RegisterAction-validation.xml。RegisterAction-validation.xml的DTD可以复制struts自带的示例struts2-mailreader-2.1.6中的DTD:
<!DOCTYPE validators PUBLIC
"-//OpenSymphony Group//XWork Validator 1.0.2//EN"
"http://www.opensymphony.com/xwork/xwork-validator-1.0.2.dtd">
xwork-validator-1.0.2.dtd:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!--
XWork Validators DTD.
Used the following DOCTYPE.
<!DOCTYPE validators PUBLIC
"-//OpenSymphony Group//XWork Validator 1.0.2//EN"
"http://www.opensymphony.com/xwork/xwork-validator-1.0.2.dtd">
-->
<!ELEMENT validators (field|validator)+>
<!ELEMENT field (field-validator+)>
<!ATTLIST field
name CDATA #REQUIRED
>
<!ELEMENT field-validator (param*, message)>
<!ATTLIST field-validator
type CDATA #REQUIRED
short-circuit (true|false) "false"
>
<!ELEMENT validator (param*, message)>
<!ATTLIST validator
type CDATA #REQUIRED
short-circuit (true|false) "false"
>
<!ELEMENT param (#PCDATA)>
<!ATTLIST param
name CDATA #REQUIRED
>
<!ELEMENT message (#PCDATA)>
<!ATTLIST message
key CDATA #IMPLIED
>
RegisterAction-validation.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE validators PUBLIC
"-//OpenSymphony Group//XWork Validator 1.0.2//EN"
"http://www.opensymphony.com/xwork/xwork-validator-1.0.2.dtd">
<validators>
<!--
与field等价的validator
<validator type="requiredstring">
<param name="fieldName">name</param>
<param name="trim">true</param>
<message>name required</message>
</validator>
<validator type="stringlength">
<param name="fieldName">name</param>
<param name="trim">true</param>
<param name="minLength">6</param>
<param name="maxLength">10</param>
<message>name length range : ${minLength} ~ ${maxLength}</message>
</validator>
-->
<field name="name">
<field-validator type="requiredstring" >
<param name="trim">true</param>
<message>name required</message>
</field-validator>
<field-validator type="stringlength">
<param name="trim">true</param>
<param name="minLength">6</param>
<param name="maxLength">10</param>
<message>name length range : ${minLength} ~ ${maxLength}</message>
</field-validator>
</field>
<field name="age">
<field-validator type="conversion" short-circuit="true">
<message>the field age conversion error</message>
</field-validator>
<field-validator type="int">
<param name="min">1</param>
<param name="max">150</param>
<message>age range: ${min} ~ ${max}</message>
</field-validator>
</field>
<field name="birthday">
<field-validator type="required">
<message>birthday required</message>
</field-validator>
<field-validator type="date">
<param name="min">2009-01-01</param>
<param name="max">2009-12-31</param>
<message>birthday range: ${min} ~ ${max}</message>
</field-validator>
</field>
<field name="email">
<field-validator type="email">
<message>invalid email address</message>
</field-validator>
</field>
</validators>
说明:
a.校验框架有两种校验方式:field和validator。
field校验:先指定需要校验的属性,再指定校验方式。validator校验:先指定校验方式,再指定需要校验的属性。两种方式是等价的。
field校验:
<field name="name">
<field-validator type="requiredstring" >
<param name="trim">true</param>
<message>name required</message>
</field-validator>
<field-validator type="stringlength">
<param name="trim">true</param>
<param name="minLength">6</param>
<param name="maxLength">10</param>
<message>name length range : ${minLength} ~ ${maxLength}</message>
</field-validator>
</field>
validator校验:
<validator type="requiredstring">
<param name=
"fieldName">name</param>
<param name="trim">true</param>
<message>name required</message>
</validator>
<validator type="stringlength">
<param name=
"fieldName">name</param>
<param name="trim">true</param>
<param name="minLength">6</param>
<param name="maxLength">10</param>
<message>name length range : ${minLength} ~ ${maxLength}</message>
</validator>
b.<field-validator type="requiredstring" >中的type及其对应的xwork类可以在xwork-2.1.2.jar/com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators/
default.xml中查找到。
default.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE validators PUBLIC
"-//OpenSymphony Group//XWork Validator Config 1.0//EN"
"http://www.opensymphony.com/xwork/xwork-validator-config-1.0.dtd">
<!-- START SNIPPET: validators-default -->
<validators>
<validator name="required" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.RequiredFieldValidator"/>
<validator name="requiredstring" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.RequiredStringValidator"/>
<validator name="int" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.IntRangeFieldValidator"/>
<validator name="long" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.LongRangeFieldValidator"/>
<validator name="short" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.ShortRangeFieldValidator"/>
<validator name="double" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.DoubleRangeFieldValidator"/>
<validator name="date" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.DateRangeFieldValidator"/>
<validator name="expression" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.ExpressionValidator"/>
<validator name="fieldexpression" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.FieldExpressionValidator"/>
<validator name="email" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.EmailValidator"/>
<validator name="url" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.URLValidator"/>
<validator name="visitor" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.VisitorFieldValidator"/>
<validator name="conversion" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.ConversionErrorFieldValidator"/>
<validator name="stringlength" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.StringLengthFieldValidator"/>
<validator name="regex" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.RegexFieldValidator"/>
<validator name="conditionalvisitor" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.validators.ConditionalVisitorFieldValidator"/>
</validators>
<!-- END SNIPPET: validators-default -->
c. 对于校验<field-validator type="requiredstring" >:String用requiredstring,其它类型用required。
d. 验证错误将默认产生FieldError。
e.
short-circuit="true" : 一个校验失败,是否是继续执行后续校验。
f. 对于相同属性的FieldError,validate()方法中的验证和RegisterAction-validation.xml中的验证都会执行,并且FieldError都会显示。
执行顺序: RegisterAction-validation.xml => validate()。
2、特定于业务逻辑的局部校验:
对于struts.xml中<action>的method="register"指定的业务方法register(),使用校验RegisterAction-register-validation.xml(与RegisterAction.java在同一目录下)。同时,RegisterAction-validation.xml会被执行。执行顺序: RegisterAction-validation.xml => RegisterAction-register-validation.xml
3、Struts2客户端校验
设置struts标签<s:form>中validate="true"。这样就会根据RegisterAction-validation.xml生成页面Javascript,在客户端执行校验。
注意:
a.
struts标签不能使用simple主题。
b.Struts2客户端校验功能较弱,一般不用。
4、FieldError和ActionError的实现
a.真正存放field级别错误信息的对象是LinkedHashMap。
b.该LinkedHashMap的key是String类型的,
value是ArrayList类型,所以同一个key可以对应多个错误消息。
c.对于Action级别的错误信息,实际上是放置在ArrayList中的。
[参考资料]:
《浪曦视频之Struts2应用开发系列》
[附件]:
源代码 :
http://www.blogjava.net/Files/wintys/struts_ValidationFramework.zip
posted on 2009-07-27 23:54
天堂露珠 阅读(619)
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