这次标题够长的,在Servlet3协议规范中,包含在JAR文件/META-INFO/resources/路径下的资源可以直接访问了。这么说一说，可能感觉不到到底有什么好处，以往的JSP或者HTML页面只能存在站点的目录下，或者在WEB-INF目录下（只是不能直接访问）。
规范说，${jar}/META-INF/resources/被视为根目录，假设home.jsp被放在${jar}/META-INF/resources/home.jsp，用户可以直接通过 http://域名/home.jsp 访问了。
呈现一个常见的代码片段：
/**
* 简单示范
* @author yongboy
* @date 2011-1-16
* @version 1.0
*/
@WebServlet("/jarHome")
public class HelloJarServlet extends HttpServlet {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 6177346686921106540L;
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
request.setAttribute("date", new Date());
request.getRequestDispatcher("/jarpage/jarhome.jsp").forward(request, response);
}
}
而jarhome.jsp文件路径则位于 ${jar}/META-INF/resources/jarpage/jarhome.jsp
当然jarhome.jsp文件则没有什么特别之处:
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="css/style.css" type="text/css" />
<title>Welcome to jar home</title>
</head>
<body>
<img alt="j2ee" src="img/j2ee.png" /><br/>
<br/>
now date : <%=((java.util.Date)request.getAttribute("date")).toString()%>
</body>
</html>
jarhome.jsp文件所引用css/style.css和img/j2ee.png等文件分别位于 ${jar}/META-INF/resources/css/style.css和${jar}/META-INF/resources/img/j2ee.png目录下。
把生成的jar文件存放在 WEB-INF/lib/ 中，下面为一个运行示范图：
样式和图片等都可以正常访问。
有时候可能需要使用路径信息等，再看一个示范吧：
/**
* 演示jarDemo
*
* @author yongboy
* @date 2011-1-16
* @version 1.0
*/
@WebServlet("/jarDemo")
public class DemoWebINFPagesServlet extends HttpServlet {
private static final long serialVersionUID = -1040850432869481349L;
private static final Log log = LogFactory
.getLog(DemoWebINFPagesServlet.class);
@SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
log.info("the /jarDemo is accessed now!");
log.info("getRealPath : " + request.getRealPath("/"));
log.info("ServletContext : getRealPath : "
+ getServletContext().getRealPath("/"));
log.info("getPathTranslated : " + request.getPathTranslated());
log.info("get jar's resource:");
InputStream is = getServletContext().getResourceAsStream(
"/jarfile/demo.txt");
log.info("the JAR/META-INF/resources/jarfile/demo.txt's content is :\n"
+ IOUtils.toString(is));
request.getRequestDispatcher("/WEB-INF/pages/notaccess.jsp");
}
}
输入命令行信息为：[framework] 2011-01-03 11:45:16,664 - com.learn.servlet3.jardync.DemoWebINFPagesServlet -798292 [http-8080-exec-6] INFO com.learn.servlet3.jardync.DemoWebINFPagesServlet - the /jarDemo is accessed now!
[framework] 2011-01-03 11:45:16,664 - com.learn.servlet3.jardync.DemoWebINFPagesServlet -798292 [http-8080-exec-6] INFO com.learn.servlet3.jardync.DemoWebINFPagesServlet - getRealPath : /home/yongboy/workspace/.metadata/.plugins/org.eclipse.wst.server.core/tmp0/wtpwebapps/d/
[framework] 2011-01-03 11:45:16,664 - com.learn.servlet3.jardync.DemoWebINFPagesServlet -798292 [http-8080-exec-6] INFO com.learn.servlet3.jardync.DemoWebINFPagesServlet - ServletContext : getRealPath : /home/yongboy/workspace/.metadata/.plugins/org.eclipse.wst.server.core/tmp0/wtpwebapps/d/
[framework] 2011-01-03 11:45:16,665 - com.learn.servlet3.jardync.DemoWebINFPagesServlet -798293 [http-8080-exec-6] INFO com.learn.servlet3.jardync.DemoWebINFPagesServlet - getPathTranslated : null
[framework] 2011-01-03 11:45:16,665 - com.learn.servlet3.jardync.DemoWebINFPagesServlet -798293 [http-8080-exec-6] INFO com.learn.servlet3.jardync.DemoWebINFPagesServlet - get jar's resource:
[framework] 2011-01-03 11:45:16,665 - com.learn.servlet3.jardync.DemoWebINFPagesServlet -798293 [http-8080-exec-6] INFO com.learn.servlet3.jardync.DemoWebINFPagesServlet - the ${JAR}/META-INF/resources/jarfile/demo.txt's content is :
haha,the demo.s's content!
haha,haha,haha!
可以看到getRealPath（"/"）得到的是项目的根路径（可以参照JAR解压后的路径）。而request.getPathTranslated则因为是包含在jar文件中（规范中说包含在远程主机、数据库、JAR存档文件中，getPathTranslated都会返回null），则返回null。
包含在jar中的资源文件，一样可以使用getResourceAsStream获取到。
再来看看jar文件META-INF/resources目录下文件结构：
- css/style.css
- img/j2ee.png
- jarfile/demo.txt
- jarpage/jarhome.jsp
- jsp/h.jsp
- jsp/helloWorld.jsp
很显然，就是一个小型站点目录结构。
每一个模块，建立一个WEB站点应用，使用ANT脚本自动打包成jar文件，拷贝到真正站点WEB-INF/lib下。
假设一个JAR文件包含一个具体的模块，那么模块的部署与装载将是十分方便的。