08年年底开始，公司新项目开始采用struts2了。往后大部分项目采用Strust2，Hibernate，Spring架构。项目中忙里偷闲，整理点东西供分享(如有不完善之处将尽快修补)：
1) 准备好如下jar包:
Oracle数据库的jar:
Ojdbc14.jar
struts2的jar:
commons-pool.jar
freemarker-2.3.8.jar
ognl-2.6.11.jar
struts2-core-2.0.11.jar
xwork-2.0.4.jar
struts2整合spring的jar:
struts2-spring-plugin-2.0.9.jar
Hibernate整合需要的jar:
commons-logging-1.0.4.jar
2) Jndi连接池配置(以Tomcat为例)
<Resource name="jdbc/test" auth="Container"
type="javax.sql.DataSource"
maxActive="100" maxIdle="30" maxWait="10000"
username="EHT" password="eht"
driverClassName="oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver"
url="jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:Orcl"/>
3) 创建工程,加入准备好的jar包,
通过IDE自动导入Spring,Hibernate框架,
删除asm-2.2.3.jar这个冲突的Jar
创建model,dao,service,action,inteceptor包,
建立相应的类:
model类,dao类(继承HibernateDaoSupport),service类,Action类(继承ActionSupport),
interceptor类(依据拦截方式实现不同接口,常用的是实现MethodInteceptor环绕拦截接口);
4) 修改web.xml,加入Spring的装载器与Struts2.0的过滤器,编码过滤器:
<!-- Spring的装载器 -->
<listener>
<listener-class>
org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
</listener-class>
</listener>
<!--ContextLoaderListener会去找contextConfigLocation这个参数的，选择spring的配置文件 -->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:/applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<!-- struts的过滤器 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<filter-class>
org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.FilterDispatcher
</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!-- 著名的Character Encoding filter,设置转换编码为gbk -->
<filter>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>
org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter
</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>gbk</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
5) 创建struts.xml文档;
6) 在根目录下创建daoContext.xml,strutsContext.xml,serviceContext.xml,aopContext.xml;
7) 为上步创建的4个文档引入如下申明:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans
xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd"></beans>
8) 创建JSP界面,建立表单,定义好表单的action属性(与下一步的<action/>配置的name属性匹配);
若要使用struts2标签,可引入<%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %>
9) 配置struts.xml:
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd">
<struts>
<!-- GBK编码 -->
<constant name="struts.i18n.encoding" value="GBK" />
<!--通过Spring管理Struts-->
<constant name="struts.objectFactory" value="spring" />
<package name="default" extends="struts-default">
<action name="user" class="loginAction">
<result name="input">/login.jsp</result>
<result name="error">/login.jsp</result>
<result name="success">/index.jsp</result>
<interceptor-ref name="params"></interceptor-ref>
</action>
</package>
</struts>
10) 配置strutsContext.xml:
<!—未加AOP的配置-->
<bean id="loginAction" class="com.company.action.LoginAction" scope="prototype">
<property name="userService" ref="userService" />
</bean>
11) 配置serviceContext.xml:
<!—未加事务的配置-->
<bean id="userService" class="com.company.service.UserService">
<property name="userDao" ref="userDao"/>
</bean>
12) 配置daoContext.xml:
<!-- 数据源配置 -->
<bean id="dataSource"
class="org.springframework.jndi.JndiObjectFactoryBean">
<property name="jndiName"
value="java:comp/env/jdbc/test" />
<property name="lookupOnStartup" value="false" />
<property name="cache" value="true" />
<property name="proxyInterface" value="javax.sql.DataSource" />
</bean>
<!-- sessionFactory -->
<bean id="sessionFactory"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource">
<ref bean="dataSource" />
</property>
<property name="hibernateProperties">
<props>
<prop key="hibernate.dialect">
org.hibernate.dialect.Oracle9Dialect
</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
</props>
</property>
<property name="mappingDirectoryLocations">
<list>
<value>classpath:/com/company /model/User.hbm.xml</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<bean id="userDao" class="com.company.dao.UserDao">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"/>
</bean>
13) 修改自动生成的applicationContext.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans
xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd">
<import resource="aopContext.xml"/>
<import resource="daoContext.xml"/>
<import resource="serviceContext.xml"/>
<import resource="strutsContext.xml"/>
</beans>
14) src下加入Log4J资源文件: log4j.properties
15) 可以开始写业务逻辑与数据库操作方法了.
Action类中获得各范围对象的方法：
1.获得Session对象:
Map sessionMap = ActionContext.getContext().getSession();
//将信息放入session中
sessionMap.put("user", "valid");
2.获得request对象
HttpServletRequest request = ServletActionContext.getRequest();
request.setAttribute("username", "helloworld");
3.获得response对象
HttpServletResponse response = ServletActionContext.getResponse();
Cookie cookie = new Cookie("username",this.getUsername());
//如果设置为负数,则为会话Cookie;
cookie.setMaxAge(1000);
response.addCookie(cookie);
字段驱动:
本例采用字段驱动, 它一般用在页面表单比较简单的情况使用.界面表单文本框的name属性必须采用user.username形式
模型驱动:
界面表单文本框比较复杂, 用普通java对象充当模型部分
struts.xml的action配置加上<interceptor-ref name="model-driven"/>
并且让Action类实现ModelDriven接口,重写getModel()方法
public Object getModel(){
return user;
}
将JSP界面表单文本框的name属性的user.去掉
附加过滤器:
<!-- 容器负责session的开启和关闭 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>hibernateFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>
org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter
</filter-class><!-- singleSession默认为true,若设为false则等于没用OpenSessionInView -->
<init-param>
<param-name>singleSession</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>hibernateFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>