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使用cactus实现对servlet进行单元测试

步骤如下:

[1]       创建Web工程ServletTestDemo

myeclipse中创建Web project,命名为ServletTestDemo

[2]       下载cactus-bin-1.8

apache官方网站下载

[3]        导入cactus的相关包到项目的lib目录

         导入后,/WebRoot/WEB-INF/lib目录结构如下所示:

        |-- lib

        |   |-- cactus.core.framework.uberjar.javaEE.14-1.8.1.jar

        |   |-- cactus.integration.ant-1.8.1.jar

        |   |-- cactus.integration.shared.api-1.8.1.jar

        |   |-- commons-codec-1.4.jar

        |   |-- commons-httpclient-3.1.jar

        |   |-- commons-logging-1.1.jar

        |   |-- httpunit-1.6.jar

               |   `-- junit-3.8.2.jar

[4]       配置项目web.xml

在项目web.xml中添加如下内容:

         <servlet>

                   <servlet-name>ServletRedirector</servlet-name>

                   <servlet-class>org.apache.cactus.server.ServletTestRedirector</servlet-class>

                   <init-param>

                            <param-name>param1</param-name>

                            <param-value>value1 used for testing</param-value>

                   </init-param>

         </servlet>

 

         <servlet>

<servlet-name>ServletTestRunner</servlet-name>                <servlet-class>org.apache.cactus.server.runner.ServletTestRunner</servlet-class>

         </servlet>

         <servlet-mapping>

                   <servlet-name>ServletRedirector</servlet-name>

                   <url-pattern>/ServletRedirector</url-pattern>

         </servlet-mapping>

 

         <servlet-mapping>

                   <servlet-name>ServletTestRunner</servlet-name>

                   <url-pattern>/ServletTestRunner</url-pattern>

         </servlet-mapping>

[5]       创建Servlet

创建LoginServlet,代码如下:

import java.io.IOException;

import java.io.PrintWriter;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet {

         private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

         public LoginServlet() {

                   super();

         }

         public void destroy() {

                   super.destroy(); // Just puts "destroy" string in log

                   // Put your code here

         }

         public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)

                            throws ServletException, IOException {

                   response.setContentType("text/html");

                   PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();

                   out

                                     .println("<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC ""-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"">");

                   out.println("<HTML>");

                   out.println(" <HEAD><TITLE>A Servlet</TITLE></HEAD>");

                   out.println(" <BODY>");

                   out.print("    This is ");

                   out.print(this.getClass());

                   out.println(", using the GET method");

                   out.println(" </BODY>");

                   out.println("</HTML>");

                   out.flush();

                   out.close();

         }

         public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)

                            throws ServletException, IOException {

                   response.setContentType("text/html");

                   PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();

                   out

                                     .println("<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC ""-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"">");

                   out.println("<HTML>");

                   out.println(" <HEAD><TITLE>A Servlet</TITLE></HEAD>");

                   out.println(" <BODY>");

                   out.print("    This is ");

                   out.print(this.getClass());

                   out.println(", using the POST method");

                   out.println(" </BODY>");

                   out.println("</HTML>");

                   out.flush();

                   out.close();

         }

         public String getServletInfo() {

                   return "This is my default servlet created by Eclipse";

         }

         public void init() throws ServletException {

         }

    public void saveSession(HttpServletRequest request)

    {

             String testparam = request.getParameter("testparam");

             request.getSession().setAttribute("testAttribute", testparam);

    }

}

[6]       修改项目web.xml,添加servlet映射

web.xml中添加如下内容:

         <servlet>

                   <servlet-name>LoginServlet</servlet-name>

                   <servlet-class>LoginServlet</servlet-class>

         </servlet>

 

         <servlet-mapping>

                   <servlet-name>LoginServlet</servlet-name>

                   <url-pattern>/login</url-pattern>

         </servlet-mapping>

[7]       创建Servlet测试类

创建TestLoginServlet,代码如下:

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;

import junit.framework.Test;

import junit.framework.TestSuite;

import org.apache.cactus.ServletTestCase;

import org.apache.cactus.WebRequest;

import com.meterware.httpunit.WebResponse;

public class TestLoginServlet extends ServletTestCase {

         public TestLoginServlet(String theName) {

                   super(theName);

         }

         public static Test suite() {

                   return new TestSuite(TestLoginServlet.class);

         }

         public void beginSaveSessionOk(WebRequest webRequest) {

                   webRequest.addParameter("testparam", "it works!");

         }

         public void testSaveSessionOk() {

                   LoginServlet servlet = new LoginServlet();

                   servlet.saveSession(request);

                   assertEquals("it works!", session.getAttribute("testAttribute"));

         }

         public void endSaveSessionOk(WebResponse response) {

                   System.out.println("end save session ok");

         }

         public void beginDoGet(WebRequest webRequest) {

                   webRequest.addParameter("testparam", "it works!");

         }

         public void testDoGet() {

                   LoginServlet servlet = new LoginServlet();

                   try {

                            servlet.doGet(request, response);

                   } catch (ServletException e) {

                            e.printStackTrace();

                   } catch (IOException e) {

                            e.printStackTrace();

                   }

         }

}

[8]       复制测试结果报表样式

下载http://jakarta.apache.org/cactus/misc/cactus-report.xsl

复制cactus-report.xsl到项目的根目录。

在测试结果显示时需要此样式。

[9]       验证目录结构

执行完以上操作, 目录结构如下图:

.

|-- src

|   |-- LoginServlet.java

|   `-- TestLoginServlet.java

`-- WebRoot

    |-- cactus-report.xsl

    |-- index.jsp

    |-- META-INF

    |   `-- MANIFEST.MF

    `-- WEB-INF

        |-- cactus.properties---

        |-- classes

        |   |-- LoginServlet.class

        |   `-- TestLoginServlet.class

        |-- lib

        |   |-- cactus.core.framework.uberjar.javaEE.14-1.8.1.jar

        |   |-- cactus.integration.ant-1.8.1.jar

        |   |-- cactus.integration.shared.api-1.8.1.jar

        |   |-- commons-codec-1.4.jar

        |   |-- commons-httpclient-3.1.jar

        |   |-- commons-logging-1.1.jar

        |   |-- httpunit-1.6.jar

        |   `-- junit-3.8.2.jar

        `-- web.xml

[10]   启动服务

[11]   执行测试

在浏览器地址栏,输入:

http://localhost:8080/ServletTestDemo/ServletTestRunner?suite=TestLoginServlet,回车,测试结果如下:

  <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
- <testsuites>
- <testsuite name="TestLoginServlet" tests="2" failures="0" errors="0" time="0.524">
  <testcase name="testSaveSessionOk" time="0.517" />
  <testcase name="testDoGet" time="0.006" />
  </testsuite>
  </testsuites>



此测试结果是以xml的形式显示。

如果结构以html报表的形式显示,可以输入如下地址:

http://10.0.3.133:8080/ServletTestDemo/ServletTestRunner?suite=TestLoginServlet&xsl=cactus-report.xsl

回车,结果如下:

Unit Test Results

Designed for use with Cactus.


Summary

Tests Failures Errors Success rate Time
2 0 0 100.00% 0.527
Note: failures are anticipated and checked for with assertions while errors are unanticipated.


TestCase TestLoginServlet

Name Status Type Time(s)
testSaveSessionOk Success 0.516
testDoGet Success 0.010

 

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posted on 2010-10-18 15:30 zhyiwww 阅读(1716) 评论(1)  编辑  收藏 所属分类: 软件测试

FeedBack:
# re: 使用cactus实现对servlet进行单元测试
2011-04-26 10:41 | lindalai
我刚学Cactus测试,很受用,谢谢!但是我有一个问题想问一下:我在测试以html形式显示时,不能显示结果,而是显示如下:
无法显示 XML 页。
使用 XSL 样式表无法查看 XML 输入。请更正错误然后单击 刷新按钮,或以后重试。


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文档的顶层无效。处理资源 'http://localhost:8080/JUnitTest/cactus-report.xsl' 时出错。第 1 行,位置: 23

<?xml version="1.0" ?>

请问这是怎么回事呢?  回复  更多评论
  

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