用nagios来监控网络服务器和网络服务
nagios可以对服务器进行全面的监控，包括服务（apache、mysql、ntp、
dns、disk、qmail和sshd等等）的状态，服务器的状态（up、down等等）。它是一个完全GPL协议的开源软件包，包含有nagios主
程序和它的各个插件，配置非常灵活，可以监视的项目很多，可以自定义shell脚本进行监控服务，非常适合大型网络。
g9qp3}/k7g-N'"V
nagios的包含主动监控和被动监控。
a8c9M%pN"M%Or
主动检查是通过监控中心的主机发出请求，让运行在远程主机上的nrpe守护进程收集信息，然后报告它，它通过web接口把数据显示在页面上。
它的工作原理如下：
$Mn3RXv{BP
被动监控是当远程被监控主机处于防火墙之内的时候，只有远程主机可以访问到监控中心，防火墙之内可以设置另外一个监控中心，远程监控中心的nagios收
集服务器信息以后，和nsca报告，由naca客户端报告naca的服务器端，然后报告监控中心的nagios，通过web接口显示监控结果。
Y
if;K
~"^ h
nagios的功能非常强大，[url]http://www.nagios.org/[/url]是它的窝，只有e文、法文和日文，没有中文，可惜啊。
/|'n�[R
l^ _
我现在引用它的一段文字进行总结一下到底什么是nagios：
What Is This?
TN ~b W j:p.H7[A3l
什么是nagios？
Nagios® is a system and network monitoring application. It
watches hosts and services that you specify, alerting you when things
go bad and when they get better.
a4tQ1i |?#x+R
Nagios was originally designed to run under Linux, although it should work under most other unices as well.
s&o9J nN7Z
a!Q
Some of the many features of Nagios® include:
w B'Mb ~V |.q-C
Monitoring of network services (SMTP, POP3, HTTP, NNTP, PING, etc.)
u]?j UI~
Monitoring of host resources (processor load, disk usage, etc.)
(} W f9sH`H/`
Simple plugin design that allows users to easily develop their own service checks
?D6N ")Ma'P
Parallelized service checks
"J4fi%o7ne4^
Ability to define network host hierarchy using "parent" hosts, allowing
detection of and distinction between hosts that are down and those that
are unreachable
/h~�f4kU
Contact notifications when service or host problems occur and get resolved (via email, pager, or user-defined method)
0Xn(]
i'sf
Ability to define event handlers to be run during service or host events for proactive problem resolution
T6T*o1Oz8le B)L@
Automatic log file rotation
Support for implementing redundant monitoring hosts
Optional web interface for viewing current network status, notification and problem history, log file, etc.
Nagios是一个监视系统和网络的应用程序。它监视你所指定主机和服务，当监视的内容变好或者变坏时发出警告。Nagios最初是被设计在Linux平台上运行的，然而现在在其他平台上也运行良好。
|U? Gh!I
Nagios的特性包括：
x8yx2|
E ^d1b
监视网络服务（SMTP, POP3, HTTP, NNTP, PING, 等等）
$r7W$Q Vwd9@2^$m3H
监视主机资源（处理器负载、磁盘空间等）
2az B0w.@U9g#{4N'h
容许用户开发自己的插件去检查自定义的项目；
通过使用“父主机”，定义网络主机的分层，容许探测主机down掉或者不可到达。
可以定义在主机或服务运行期间，事件发生以后如何处理和解决方式；
8M{8u$Q*Y"" rbZ
自动记录错误日志；
支持冗余监视；
VE'qPO5l X;C
可选web接口，通过web页面查看当前网络状态，提示和报告故障历史，日志文件等；
Yn7rz Q
rt
{("
Nagios的系统要求：
'i1f1o k1O(t2}+]
Linux、Unix等
z
i {G5P PQ r
`
apache
Ucg:T-d!g:lEM
z
GD库（1.63以上）
A"wd U4N D
zlib
c{
~"Z0Za'R!CG
pnglib
jpeglib
4G n q5p[]
basic icons
Hj.q"pBl)O|c'h)~
等，其中apache的安装在blog中已经有相关的文章，搜索一下就行；gd、zlib、pnglib和jpeglib安装比较简单，步骤：
B*j'w+Pp"'a
下载tarball
0x d VBC�N
i s*x
tar zxvf xxx.tar.gz
7T(ajm+}a {EM
cd xxx
NP0"
[l}
./configure
R @cS BV6T#G$G
make && make install
----------------------------------------------------------------------
4c(n8I9j {&r
Nagios的安装过程(FreeBSD)
9s#h9G5V2Pr0yU
----------------------------------------------------------------------
nagios的安装比较简单，复杂的是设置和配置参数的设定。不过你要放松一点，毕竟我们要搞定它，不是吗？那就开始吧：
r!k:Ku;w${~(s(Y�N
5R:e$C9M*y,k5l g;i
1：获得最新的安装包，[url]http://www.nagios.org/download[/url]
M4v @3n,Q Q2E @H(k)a
2：以root身份登录服务器，目前最新的版本是2.5：
ZVAd:s.L X
1）nagios，版本2.5：
fetch [url]http://superb-west.dl.sourceforge.net/sour...gios-2.5.tar.gz[/url]
or
,O2_Y%@aAQ-?
wget [url]http://superb-west.dl.sourceforge.net/sour...gios-2.5.tar.gz[/url]
Q N-foU
2）获得nagios插件，版本1.4.3：
6j#Q3k3i ^,[8r5_1y
[url]http://surfnet.dl.sourceforge.net/sourcefo...ns-1.4.3.tar.gz[/url]
jRs:aOM
t
:f zc(`T0o-u&v A
3）获得图库文件：
b,E ?m#V8_
[url]http://dl.sf.net/nagios/imagepak-base.tar.gz[/url]
S:nm oK,R m8m
r�Pswsn4Ix
4）NRPE，版本2.5.2
Kh)" K/~/s;T t W!U m:ZS
[url]http://ufpr.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge...pe-2.5.2.tar.gz[/url]
5s7c
E$g&c(LPq&R
Ge KV3o2G
q&A5|
5）NSCA，版本2.6
+P3~3^2I9BF!d h
[url]http://kent.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge...nsca-2.6.tar.gz[/url]
3：切换到root用户：
C ~'K4c
H(Y6Y
sudo su
)i SE,lzj(h_
"KZ1X+_A{'?nL
4：解压缩
tar zxvf nagios-2.5.tar.gz
6h ^'dK%FF*f;~
5：建立运行nagios的用户：
Y in*Z|
adduser nagios
[
Iy
fY6t7fJ6{`
6r'[�Z4^
~#J
6：建立安装nagios的文件夹，并使这个文件夹的所有者为nagios:nagios
@ r bB1h"Pe
mkdir /usr/local/nagios
chown nagios.nagios /usr/local/nagios
D(_ p
E at9F8U*f$s
7：确认web服务器的用户
b+lJ;Q-N `2X pb'w
可能会通过web接口执行一些命令，必须确定web服务器以哪个用户运行的，通常为：apache：
(^!["qNu xV O
grep "^User" /usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf
8：建立命令文件组
这个新的组会包括apache的用户和nagios的用户
K%y#ZDuG w([ L
pw groupadd nagcmd
pw usermod apache -G nagcmd
pw usermod nagios -G nagcmd
uYYU#t,Z
----------------------------------
.@9X1b5~{y&~ k
cat /etc/group
v/x x3sVh
nagcmd:*:9007:apache,nagios
----------------------------------
m!ID
k%C3F(m
'Q(k Jm3T1~w
8：运行配置脚本并安装nagios
cd nagios-2.5
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nagios --with-gd-lib=/usr/local/lib --with-gd-inc=/usr/local/include
W ?9z9W ^(uk
---------------------------------
6Iz^X9A8_)H-s.^
*** Configuration summary for nagios 2.5 07-13-2006 ***:
"-B
q5] Z&K(M+E P`
sU�aF1AW$P
General Options:
(u F1] R!U X]
-------------------------
1wr'HUC)h'qb8Y
Nagios executable: nagios
Nagios user/group: nagios,nagios
Command user/group: nagios,nagios
JM4Gk[
Embedded Perl: no
Q,f[6CiH"fdh
Event Broker: yes
Install ${prefix}: /usr/local/nagios
Lock file: ${prefix}/var/nagios.lock
^,e D*lT$R
Init directory: /usr/local/etc/rc.d
Host OS: freebsd6.0
Web Interface Options:
8l4sI&T1? ")J
------------------------
u U8?+@9i? _#P9t
HTML URL: [url]http://localhost/nagios/[/url]
CGI URL: [url]http://localhost/nagios/cgi-bin/[/url]
"Qf/b9^3`
Traceroute (used by WAP): /usr/sbin/traceroute
2j0H ~
g,| ]'F
cM
|
A9Tx)Z.d7[
Review the options above for accuracy. If they look okay,
#kbW'e0b P7O3b
h
type 'make all' to compile the main program and CGIs.
---------------------------------
'x
U0o4G3H
[2_ w1V:x(r
make all
make install
make install-init
"fsyX/c
make install-commandmode
make install-config
{ Mnf&JNL�t)p*K u-R4r
9：安装nagios-plugins
W"wopIu5L
tar zxvf nagios-plugins-1.4.3.tar.gz
cd nagios-plugins-1.4.3
s]b
U5xU
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nagios-plugins
make all
tp&X5_'HS8{
make install
3i3TT"
y
安装完成以后在/usr/local/nagios-plugins-plugins会产生一个libexec的目录，将该目录全部移动到/usr/local/nagios目录下即可。
*tTj9s FVj8M
mv /usr/local/nagios-plugins-plugins/libexec/ /usr/local/nagios/
10：imagepak-base.tar.gz的安装
tar –xvzf imagepak-base.tar.gz
解压以后是base目录
mv base/ /usr/local/nagios/share/images/logos/
4?t";Rj
I
_~Q
----------------------------------------------------------------------
es/}9j^
GP
现在开始配置：
4j)s'R9L;BJ ? ?
----------------------------------------------------------------------
U5C2LPS yGl
1：配置web接口
假设你已经运行了apache，如果没有，请参考：
[url]http://localhost/upload/blog.php?do-showone-tid-18.html[/url]
u)`5o7H X ]*]k
@L sT gw@
vi /usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf
添加如下内容：
ScriptAlias /nagios/cgi-bin /usr/local/nagios/sbin
(e,H�}4c
Qw d"ji
<Directory "/usr/local/nagios/sbin">
y d2e"/S+lf"?8z
Options ExecCGI
} ciX?:Uaw
AllowOverride None
Rr
T u�[ E[3OT
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
AuthName "Nagios Access"
AuthType Basic
h3I�T/y
Vq
B)|
AuthUserFile /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.users
1p h#u+dD%l Y
Require valid-user
a5s
^&y
}%v
</Directory>
c,m+q i0l1@ `
@
3F:pIPm%N:W0A
Alias /nagios /usr/local/nagios/share
2S
|&tuPy%h
<Directory "/usr/local/nagios/share">
4P*CV(q ~7j
Options None
b,yw,@^.X
AllowOverride None
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
Bm v
r"g x
AuthName "Nagios Access"
AuthType Basic
d^
?
f E1t
AuthUserFile /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.users
0Dk;_h(D&X n
Require valid-user
N;V [*y.w
</Directory>
修改完毕，保存文件，并重启apache：
2}"jG t U;"�L!g
/usr/local/apahce2/bin/apachectl restart
/?"`8i W)H@ L(r${
2：配置apache的BASIC认证：
S6C C$H9h
生成认证密码：
/usr/local/apache2/bin/htpasswd –c /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.users nagios nagios
H@
Rv9~c6]�` F x
apache接口配置完成。
+O XAI&e,LhP
uf0n1tzc c(YNSJ
开始配置nagios：
cd /usr/local/nagios/etc/
[ T-z2b$S:yr,K"
在/usr/local/nagios/etc下是nagios的配置模板文件-sample,把.cfg-sample文件全部拷贝成.cfg
例如:cp nagios.cfg-sample nagios.cfg
)y r,b X6U_
全部拷贝完成即可.
#^
r7oL AM/oq
vi minimal.cfg
@;]*o/"bo6P
注释所有command：
注释的方法是在每一个定义语句前面添加”#“
修改cgi.cfg
修改use_authentication=1为use_authentication=0,即不用验证.不然有一些页面不会显示。
现在检查配置文件是否有语法错误：
/usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg
如果正确，会显示以下结果：
Total Warnings: 0
Total Errors: 0
1ZX.bx
Z3c_ J{:t
否则，需要根据提示进行修改配置文件。
配置文件等会再弄。现在启动nagios
1V1J"T:}-?4i{7Mv
/usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -d /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg
;z(f
C+Ypr
为了使nagios异常中断，我们使用daemontools启动：
I @4M^3cV
J
K
安装daemontool：
T(^a*`o(u�])X*s
mkdir -p /package
!D!^.fGwQ1M
chmod 1755 /package
cd /package
R&w1z3p SYN.Y
fetch [url]http://cr.yp.to/daemontools/daemontools-0.76.tar.gz[/url]
Z} lAr4A"I
cd admin/daemontools-0.76/
package/install
检查svscan进程是否启动：
ps aux | grep svscan
root 376 0.0 0.0 1636 0 con- IW - 0:00.00 /bin/sh /command/svscanboot
)X
] t C(iA1"$M*S|
root 411 0.0 0.0 1224 208 con- S 8Jul06 0:42.50 svscan /service
el GKy9P~
ok，启动正常了。
cd /service
t5]0Ul#X
mkdir nagios
k6Z
J
o1P^
chmod 1755 nagios
touch ./run
.b"_d(q k,C#E
chmod 755 ./run
vi run
PATH=/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin
[8s3V6i Nee
T7?p fj
export PATH
oR*Z S
K"@?'B
exec env - PATH=$PATH "
/usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg
mkdir log
t'Y4jBZ(P1@:[_
cd log
R w1i0O$^__X,F+]3F
touch ./run
^ mtCAF"YQ8"%I
b:D
chmod 755 ./run
vi ./run
H7eC GP'cC
#!/bin/sh
2R$j a"X0q+g e }v L
exec setuidgid logadmin multilog t s1000000 n100 ./main
vO U:RF
ZcAT^v%A V9_
mkdir main
&hJKo
V%Y
chmod 777 main
+|Q$gb s v;S|
chown nagios.nagios main
x%})EzL!Zu ?j
touch status
A@ s)I Hym
chown nagios.nagios status
svc -u /service/nagios/
svstat /service/nagios/
[Hc0Z"
root@## ps auxww | grep nagios
A B,R
A4"'pl5e
root 23276 0.0 0.1 1176 488 ?? I 5:00PM 0:01.71 supervise nagios
#p?:_p1KK*h
nagios 34251 0.0 0.3 2316 1552 ?? S 6:06PM 0:00.10 /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg
!?;r-UGau2sm+I
root@##
K.t!k{r a8m;X
ok，现在把nagios服务做成自动启动的服务了。
7@O5"!bA F
通过svc命令可以启动或者停止服务。
:] _^#m
rS
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
"/|7Ra Ua "_4W
svc opts services
-[s^Q-uF8W G
opts is a series of getopt-style options. services consists of any
number of arguments, each argument naming a directory used by
supervise.
7f"N?B�WP3@C
-u: Up. If the service is not running, start it. If the service stops, restart it.
p2D8t T%C6w
-d: Down. If the service is running, send it a TERM signal and then a CONT signal. After it stops, do not restart it.
@
eU O w9R._9c,Y
-o: Once. If the service is not running, start it. Do not restart it if it stops.
-p: Pause. Send the service a STOP signal.
Gf%a
W8~&R._
-c: Continue. Send the service a CONT signal.
-h: Hangup. Send the service a HUP signal.
3?B"k;I
jJ{4P)o8e
-a: Alarm. Send the service an ALRM signal.
`@7r1}2`
-i: Interrupt. Send the service an INT signal.
-t: Terminate. Send the service a TERM signal.
Q5Z*hz
uWB0}yGX2w
-k: Kill. Send the service a KILL signal.
-x: Exit. supervise will exit as soon as the service is down. If you
use this option on a stable system, you're doing something wrong;
supervise is designed to run forever.
L {9L/t;_}][1oL
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
S@?o0{c
比如：
2}")J
ao,N Q
停止nagios－－svc -d /service/nagios/
重启nagios－－svc -t /service/nagios/
q*W'Y@3bw#s4d
启动nagios－－svc -u /service/nagios/
.} tdK5i.ZI�l
2S4z+R
p)H
当然，你也可以使用inited的方式进行：
XMJ/M$tC
/usr/local/etc/rc.d/nagios start/stop
好了，反正daemontools很强大，以后慢慢熟悉，转入正题。
现在打开网页：[url]http://localhost/nagios/[/url]
oT ] j#{"%NN$v}
一定会让你大吃一惊，呵呵，我的服务器和服务状态都清楚的看到了。
现在我们的nagios中只有一个，那就是它自己，localhost，呵呵，等会我们添加别的主机和主机服务，ok，我们认识一下nagios的庐山真面目：
l)VtRC }2s
配置nagios：
1）为主机添加服务
2）添加主机并添加服务
3）停止一个服务
4uA&U8S0Bz0? J b
4）删除一台主机和服务
/fpV8fa`;x2o
5）查看所有主机的故障
~!kW m~ U*M~
6）查看一台特定的主机状态
mW_&M�e�D�u
7）改变报警的时间间隔
8）改变发现故障的重试次数
9}0^8? W�k:V1P U H
9）如何在nagios中使用外部命令
%aN g�Gq"V#T+W
mP6^*X1l)n
1）为主机添加一个服务
$|7~'`vJ `C
为localhost主机添加qmail服务的监控，方法如下：
L1M oY TE
vi minimal.cfg
6`
[&F#M xN
define service{
j
T1r E-^"
use generic-service ; Name of service template to use
host_name localhost
V&`R k
U,VIT
service_description qmail_smtp
2n
t3N
J&MTg
is_volatile 0
check_period 24x7
ynU[;Xa_%Tl/{:|
max_check_attempts 1
&^A`Y@h,q
normal_check_interval 1
cu ~:Yl!jo
retry_check_interval 1
contact_groups admins
notification_options w,u,c,r
notification_interval 960
l-d6?~
h@2X B
notification_period 24x7
check_command check_smtp!20%!10%!/
}
2]t k [0@N$f%Ji(a
可以直接拷贝原有的进行修改，我这个就是拷贝的原有的check_local_disk进行的。
;n ||2U8^1g4yB
修改host_name，service_description，check_command等
kx[5~6N
p,n$W
define service{
&Vp^/k6M(gH
use generic-service ; Name of service template to use
A5? c x5|&q${
host_name localhost
service_description qmail_pop3
D,Y
T�G Qo
is_volatile 0
check_period 24x7
l""1l~U k,N'I
max_check_attempts 1
normal_check_interval 1
_-v9j y7V
retry_check_interval 1
?d;H0NB&lz
contact_groups admins
L9j�}~ tM2G
notification_options w,u,c,r
F;Mf?N3K)?(X#q`vD
notification_interval 960
notification_period 24x7
check_command check_pop!20%!10%!/
}
1q s;d-J)M#v EQe
照猫画虎的进行修改，然后去修改：
6b$mBk,Q
OD
vi checkcommands.cfg
e2X�E qi ` _,v`g SH1I
#'check_qmail' command definition
&j"}R2x*"@Xb
define command{
command_name check_qmail
"h#L6X
j5P)}
v-oN2L
command_line $USER1$/check_smtp -H 127.0.0.1
}
3tF!CiT
define command{
command_name check_pop3
command_line $USER1$/check_pop -H 127.0.0.1
}
保存，然后检查配置文件：
*O�o0so&H0o1R
Kx L""L
/usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg
如果没有错误会显示：
8g x x [B
Q|;i
Total Warnings: 0
Total Errors: 0
如果有错误，请根据提示进行错误的修正。
V)R
wk
x[!c;b3K
重启nagios
f @+Y
ZQ"pu
svc -d /service/nagios/ && svc -u /service/nagios/
e4@j9] |`v#VG
通过web页面检查nagios的结果：
N/},R:Q8tK9J.V(U1~
[url]http://10.5.1.153/nagios/[/url]
&W
Z
k!Q#N9OP i,D
点击“Service Detail”
会出现：
w ?$Jd
zT`5W2p
"c0?%F5h Gb/C c]
2）添加主机并添加服务
y"yN"LO
我们会监控这台主机的负载、磁盘等一些没有通过端口方式启动的服务器状态，以及它的服务，比如：apache、mysql、qmail和ntp等等吧。那
么没有端口的nagios直接能监控到吗？答案是不行。所以我们必须在两台主机上安装nrpe，nrpe可以启动5666端口，把检测的信息源源不断的传
给监控中心的主机。
$^U."7Y7y
ok，我们把apache、mysql、qmail和ntp先加上，这回我们把监控的主机和服务新建一个文件：
F U�L)y4B H.O m
j
cd /usr/local/nagios/etc/
*})gn5rt ~~"
touch 10_5_1_156.cfg
/m!x!P"@] p8c}*K
vi nagios.cfg
O&Cq1F[k
cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/10_5_1_156.cfg
c*ceqa-g
5"!h&H
Wi}~b$k
vi 10_5_1_156.cfg
定义一个主机：
define host{
1dy*Sq`A)D
use generic-host ; Name of host template to use
o w @ w7t;a�c"
host_name test_nrpe
alias client
address 10.5.1.156
check_command check-host-alive
8A+Kg A[7g
max_check_attempts 1
2ogcaY
bi j+C
check_period 24x7
notification_interval 120
;M8}!f'Y B_
notification_period 24x7
notification_options d,r
Z B+OD,vy
contact_groups admins
#{:G y#E1dy:a'U
}
9o
E2| o"~-Wt(qB @)Q~
!hVI-u VN8mA
}(yf
定义主机需要检查的服务：
9a Y U9Y;H}G
define service{
W;LJ m4B ~5@y
use generic-service ; Name of service template to use
#H)[0We!m q+^%J(y,L'x
host_name test_nrpe
0F8Ic*F!V
service_description PING
#W"
bG*b2AG5z
is_volatile 0
E%H9"(I5Q h
check_period 24x7
;p*};I"Y
M
max_check_attempts 1
normal_check_interval 1
mY,j
Y5} `c
retry_check_interval 1
contact_groups admins
#t#m(]�i"`
RYc)`�D
notification_options w,u,c,r
notification_interval 960
s
vt:zJA
notification_period 24x7
;o'FH D4JP |.?7v [
check_command check_ping!100.0,20%!500.0,60%
}
1nK5IV&X
define service{
use generic-service ; Name of service template to use
'F p'K_
h};U2f
host_name test_nrpe
fX`"i_M
service_description apache
is_volatile 0
check_period 24x7
max_check_attempts 1
iO
y8t R3^:L&N7vn
normal_check_interval 1
retry_check_interval 1
contact_groups admins
notification_options w,u,c,r
notification_interval 960
notification_period 24x7
]5bb#Y�sd G6d$H
check_command check_http!100.0,20%!500.0,60%
}
q.y'rp�ZK3L*R
l*F!uR a)vS"{
V
define service{
9Rw8|&I�hN~
use generic-service ; Name of service template to use
host_name test_nrpe
service_description mysql
~
| R Ke;]^S%P
is_volatile 0
$p
ux:Q E8?5E}&^
check_period 24x7
6_p U5i&P I1E?
max_check_attempts 1
?4}x3g;VO O w6s
normal_check_interval 1
7Qy0m1hZ D$^5C
retry_check_interval 1
$@ D
M2Z
? R"kl'l']-g1U7a
contact_groups admins
notification_options w,u,c,r
D;x*f
oii{h}x2H
notification_interval 960
V~&D T1},JT a
notification_period 24x7
{d Ld^%jCL M
check_command check_mysql!100.0,20%!500.0,60%
c7u1?^H y{
t
}
}?X3hFY7Ty
define service{
use generic-service ; Name of service template to use
5i
s};Ia)g Y a
host_name test_nrpe
v6W+BW dBt
P4E
service_description ntp
;JZ%F3M'g"n#m5R"x*E
is_volatile 0
dMW;NL%j;uh
check_period 24x7
xk |e2V5Ag}(m
max_check_attempts 1
normal_check_interval 1
4|@+gf]:X9C7]C5[i
retry_check_interval 1
"?l3r a4O1^7V"Ps�D
contact_groups admins
notification_options w,u,c,r
notification_interval 960
notification_period 24x7
check_command check_ntp!100.0,20%!500.0,60%
J q T|0J
}
define service{
oY$A C!T
hc T
use generic-service ; Name of service template to use
.Uk+Na-N.w x
host_name test_nrpe
service_description qmail_smtp
t.Uj.^k e2V-Rq
is_volatile 0
!X7P/R+l3T8M$F*M
check_period 24x7
max_check_attempts 1
normal_check_interval 1
retry_check_interval 1
`n p$C t.Y
contact_groups admins
notification_options w,u,c,r
notification_interval 960
7k(K9U1~9@D-Tw
notification_period 24x7
e5]${]9L
check_command check_smtp!100.0,20%!500.0,60%
n
C0bs1I
}
h)UD
~yu"Chm;H@
(HR z.` {;Z
R
define service{
use generic-service ; Name of service template to use
host_name test_nrpe
service_description qmail_pop3
^c
"%zjzt2XW6a(H E
is_volatile 0
check_period 24x7
max_check_attempts 1
normal_check_interval 1
6fl:_xS
retry_check_interval 1
r1h w
w(_7H7X
contact_groups admins
bd
@9[
^.uD'I%p
notification_options w,u,c,r
.MjyE~/f[p
notification_interval 960
s]$p,J:h
notification_period 24x7
check_command check_pop!100.0,20%!500.0,60%
*z-H*u4zh
UF4oT
}
:UYiJ:y
A{
现在我们象上次一样把服务也定义完了：
T;MI
FU Z
此时是不是多了一个主机和它下面的服务呢?那是肯定的，添加主机和服务可能出现的问题有如下情况：
z$D!@ Yty,Q2_
1：配置参数出现问题，如果你没有检查配置就启动nagios，可能会启动成功，但是显示会不正常；
}`Ug
j�R
解决方法：调整配置参数
kzX L^/_,j
|9Yq
2：Connection refused
当出现这个问题的时候，我开始以为是ssh的无密码登录没有成功，但是其实我的服务器没有启动该服务造成的，启动服务即可。
y;KB�Vd }
Y"h"y*E|-J(A `
但是这些是有端口的服务，没有使用端口的状态任何检测？
6s.f W.p2t
使用nrpe，ok，我们现在在服务器上安装nrpe：
Kx5O
ud_9W
一、远程主机的配置
r#jr&^
`p
1、安装nrpe与配置
fetch [url]http://ufpr.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge...pe-2.5.2.tar.gz[/url]
(M3b y mh yl!u+p,X
tar zxvf nrpe-2.5.2.tar.gz
cd nrpe-2.5.2
]8u5Q6j }N
./configure --enable-ssl --enable-command-args
Hm2u8H`!i|
make all
mkdir -p /usr/local/nagios/etc
FT R{:}C)]'n
mkdir /usr/local/nagios/bin
mkdir /usr/local/nagios/libexec
.gF+U I
"/j$Tv:Y]
pw addgroup nagios
pw useradd nagios -g nagios -d /usr/local/nagios/ -s /sbin/nologin
5q"cm" w
N l E{
chown -R nagios:nagios /usr/local/nagios
cp ./sample-config/nrpe.cfg /usr/local/nagios/etc
cp src/nrpe /usr/local/nagios/bin
2、启动nrpe，端口为5666
k.[1Rm
x*L-?
/usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg -d
u$z;c
S%g2A&~
netstat -ant | grep 5666
U,a'w+Ec
B"C�u'g&L
tcp4 0 0 *.5666 *.* LISTEN
$O6k
xx5w
二、监控服务器上的配置
1、安装nrpe(主要是使用check_nrpe模块)
u
Sk`:S T A0k
fetch [url]http://ufpr.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge...pe-2.5.2.tar.gz[/url]
*J1~7a i.X.Q
tar zxvf nrpe-2.5.2.tar.gz
cd nrpe-2.5.2
8{M5S;r$J(M p
./configure --enable-ssl --enable-command-args
make all
cp src/check_nrpe /usr/local/nagios/libexec
2、nagios文件的配置
vi checkcommands.cfg
#L6?/];R+g-@
定义check_nrpe命令
,t c$@s K'fP-visL
# 'check_nrep' command definition
define command{
y/J-d+y-F
O.s
command_name check_nrpe
#Yj-a?eN.X Z
command_line /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe -H $HOSTADDRESS$ -c $ARG1$
%{wQ q0[!i V p
}
x Qs(Z;L
三、上面我们已经配置了一部分参数，下面是配置的最终结果：
y]5~9d+gk-[
define host{
/R+Q+b)[} Z/SFv6x
use generic-host ; Name of host template to use
w0v"H)a4s-a"b:"*e
host_name test_nrpe
alias client
address 10.5.1.156
(Q P+~5Ah5d](q'I
check_command check-host-alive
max_check_attempts 1
MD }m _QQjs
check_period 24x7
notification_interval 120
}W m.i}/_1O&rx(jk
notification_period 24x7
notification_options d,r
X!J8bb UV ~
contact_groups admins
}
S Y;hT7p;e&" p
*h�V[ Phb'O
# 'check_load' command definition
@Y4bC`
|2w
e0^
define command{
[.L'~pun2U
command_name check_load
command_line $USER1$/check_load -w $ARG1$ -c $ARG2$
0S#F.Xqx M?
}
]u.Jn1K:rI6Wk0o8N s[
C
# 'check_load' command definition
define command{
command_name check_disk
@
T's�rO z%Zz)DX u
command_line $USER1$/check_disk -w $ARG1$ -c $ARG2$
'_RGw2x
~eG;L
}
5y"VT p6e!~({&a
define service{
K)n!mP)w-R'S+l
use generic-service ; Name of service template to use
] F.lVo1nB
U
host_name test_nrpe
service_description PING
is_volatile 0
l6@;Z/@]
check_period 24x7
,z&r.`2N$Z8xe
_%e
max_check_attempts 1
normal_check_interval 1
retry_check_interval 1
;v'laGn
H.?d.~q&Fj
contact_groups admins
8O-W*O
VN v
notification_options w,u,c,r
)tDg(U0x^
_7f.Ud7?fM
notification_interval 960
M:efmR&hT
notification_period 24x7
u!v7[(p�gu'K4?*T
check_command check_ping!100.0,20%!500.0,60%
cT5d6wiBU6q
}
bOW+Y C KM&I-k*t
define service{
GWa,fu6K�K Vsy
use generic-service ; Name of service template to use
host_name test_nrpe
f {L,A4hX_
service_description apache
is_volatile 0
M.v |VJ qv
check_period 24x7
r l(x:?:BM
max_check_attempts 1
!c[
z |
Uto
normal_check_interval 1
2J8b7g7FQ6C2qac
retry_check_interval 1
contact_groups admins
notification_options w,u,c,r
Z"H
W Z$A f*]Q
notification_interval 960
notification_period 24x7
p:S0C;f{i
check_command check_http!100.0,20%!500.0,60%
4c(u0X4ce ^^c ^$z
}
j?5x5Z DJ'N^[z
#_bFR8E uoL
define service{
z|X
V` Tf
use generic-service ; Name of service template to use
6p3{;~dD
host_name test_nrpe
service_description mysql
8D M r+|s f5A
is_volatile 0
;y)yti!j
check_period 24x7
#P:xh.A}P b
max_check_attempts 1
normal_check_interval 1
1}`1odj/YAhy
retry_check_interval 1
contact_groups admins
.gMe,C_x
notification_options w,u,c,r
O9J3tO,F
notification_interval 960
nH[P9ym
notification_period 24x7
,M*}7m`+[8k_
check_command check_mysql!100.0,20%!500.0,60%
0}&idg ` g w {
{4P"V7n
}
~KK:S
G
define service{
use generic-service ; Name of service template to use
r"{JB7IAH3Ebu
host_name test_nrpe
-vO0R%G!fH%]
service_description ntp
K9sU4a%vUv x'"
is_volatile 0
g._9X)"E(CJ&l*pFco
check_period 24x7
max_check_attempts 1
$b'z8g'iH M"t%vC0?A5O
normal_check_interval 1
9ww pZ
a%M(AVJ
retry_check_interval 1
@P5q.YPN
N @
contact_groups admins
notification_options w,u,c,r
notification_interval 960
8H-D"D5]h2Mw3{@
notification_period 24x7
k Ihh2bX ]Z%y
check_command check_ntp!100.0,20%!500.0,60%
WfE[
h
}
j
g SgbO
Z
N
'`Q `
g[cW0N
define service{
0p N8n.j�?
@H_W0WL t
use generic-service ; Name of service template to use
host_name test_nrpe
service_description qmail_smtp
is_volatile 0
check_period 24x7
X;Tt;p
G
jC _+I
max_check_attempts 1
normal_check_interval 1
P'KT7f*ooo
retry_check_interval 1
o5CuAL9^
contact_groups admins
TW,r8x
d0? }
notification_options w,u,c,r
` K'|#zp#r3x X-b
notification_interval 960
/~0]q%"w?kq;} nA
notification_period 24x7
check_command check_smtp!100.0,20%!500.0,60%
"Uz5kzJo"Z-D"L"Y
}
define service{
use generic-service ; Name of service template to use
`gZ;l`kB
host_name test_nrpe
F}}2n O
service_description qmail_pop3
is_volatile 0
x'Da(Ky%f Y
check_period 24x7
p2Z }L(L,K${4}
D~x
max_check_attempts 1
Pl5U"Q$Xo
normal_check_interval 1
a:SF^6v-hsIG
retry_check_interval 1
2yC#];@j�s
contact_groups admins
notification_options w,u,c,r
notification_interval 960
t2z_F2Xu
"
notification_period 24x7
check_command check_pop!100.0,20%!500.0,60%
}
4z6NV8x!k
g ?'a l*J
define service{
2S)]�} H9^o"
use generic-service ; Name of service template to use
host_name test_nrpe
t9_ N)C | Q]
service_description test_load
is_volatile 0
} ^(}l0v2U;R:g)EM
check_period 24x7
max_check_attempts 1
normal_check_interval 1
retry_check_interval 1
W_�y)s"@+HY ru+U�T
z
contact_groups admins
notification_options w,u,c,r
notification_interval 960
2D9I;q.C
YI k
notification_period 24x7
check_command check_load!100.0,20%!500.0,60%
gR Rh.t z'Qy!B
}
r,l#Aw2@Q
define service{
@3A['xE!I
use generic-service ; Name of service template to use
""e?'K XA0`J)`
host_name test_nrpe
0zi ~d I(K&Zp V1D
service_description test_disk
O U;p+l:fU-G@r W
is_volatile 0
:WQ ABNKY
check_period 24x7
max_check_attempts 1
^"X F.}lU.I
normal_check_interval 1
retry_check_interval 1
A7r
v L D
contact_groups admins
notification_options w,u,c,r
&n X,]
u r
notification_interval 960
notification_period 24x7
#iHn!u%t6y
check_command check_disk!100.0,20%!500.0,60%
}
`l n9`&bVZ
四、检查配置参数并重启nagios
$V0I*r#O_:D/fu3n:_
9）如何在nagios中使用外部命令
uSl+m/Ob"Fye u
vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg
g'O-{e�v*SY
check_external_commands=1
GX4vv;gKBU
mkdir /usr/local/nagios/var/rw
vM@ O,K|
chown nagios.nagcmd /usr/local/nagios/var/rw
chmod u+rw /usr/local/nagios/var/rw
b X.p"-{
chmod g+rw /usr/local/nagios/var/rw
vz_0s n+r Ld
chmod g+s /usr/local/nagios/var/rw
svc -t /service/nagios/
/usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl restart
posted on 2009-05-06 15:36
Blog of JoJo 阅读(8745)
评论(1) 编辑 收藏 所属分类:
Linux 技术相关